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为了纪念哥伦布抵达美洲,美国政府将10月第2个星期一定为“哥伦布节”。但是,哥伦布对美洲原住民所带来的伤害,也让很多人无法敞开心扉纪念他。在美国纽约自然历史博物馆举办的“反哥伦布节”导览,展现了哥伦布和殖民所留下的遗产,也反映了不同族裔今日的态度。该活动今年吸引到约500名参与者。
10月9日,美国自然历史博物馆门前大排长龙,不只因为“哥伦布节”公休,还因为这座博物馆正在举办的“去殖民化这个地方”(Decolonize This Place)第二届年度“反哥伦布节”导览。
抗议者用红色横幅将博物馆前的罗斯福雕像围起来,横幅上写着:去殖民化这个城市
据悉,去年参加导览的只有200人,今年则激增到500多人。队伍由数十位佩戴红袖标的导游带领,从西奥多·罗斯福纪念厅出发,经过西北岸印第安人馆、非洲人种展厅、亚洲人种展厅等,最终回到罗斯福纪念厅。沿途,导游为观众指出了标签错误的工艺品、被忽略的历史,以及未经后代准许便展出的先人残躯。
西北岸印第安人馆,可以看到此次活动的规模
博物馆所在地最初是属于北美土著伦尼莱纳佩人(Lenni Lenape)的。游览伊始的一段话更说明了究竟:“我们今天的活动,从最根本的层面上来说,是力挺莱纳佩人和所有美国原住民的。从欧洲大陆来的定居者抢掠了这些原始居民的土地,使他们在自己的土地上长期遭受排挤、监管和殖民暴力。”
罗斯福青铜像
入口处的罗斯福青铜像首当其冲,因为为了保护美国的自然景观,他曾下令将印第安人驱逐出自己的领地。更让“去殖民化”支持者愤怒的是,罗斯福跨坐在马上,大有英雄不可一世的气势,但两侧却是两位低眉顺目的随从——一位印第安人和一位非裔,“这是纽约最让人憎恶的雕塑。”另一尊是哥伦布的雕塑,因为哥伦布发现美洲大陆为原住民带来了无尽的灾难。但在邮件中,博物馆却不愿承担全责,“雕塑是在纽约公园地界,归市政府管理。如何处置不完全在博物馆的掌控之中”。
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