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外国报告:三因素推动 中国数字经济引领全球新趋势

2017-09-29 07:52:52   

日前,全球著名咨询机构麦肯锡公司全球研究院发布的题为《中国数字经济如何引领全球新趋势》研究报告认为,中国拥有全球最大的电子商务市场,中国已成为塑造全球数字化格局的重要力量,其数字全球化进程方兴未艾,将从产业投资、商业模式和全球治理等多个领域引领全球新趋势。

报告认为,中国拥有全球最活跃的数字化投资与创业生态系统。中国拥有全球最大的电子商务市场,占到全球电商交易总额40%以上,这一比例在10年前还不到1%。据估计,中国电商交易额现已超过英、美、日、法、德5国的总和。中国与个人消费相关的第三方移动支付交易额相当于美国的11倍。全球三分之一的“独角兽”企业(估值超过10亿美元的非上市初创公司)为中国企业。

同时,中国在多个领域的风险投资规模均位列全球前三。2016年,中国在金融科技领域风险投资位列全球第一位,规模基本上与位列二三位的美英两国投资总和持平;虚拟现实、自动驾驶、可穿戴设备、教育技术、机器与无人机和3D打印领域的风险投资位列全球第二;大数据领域、人工智能与机器学习领域投资位列全球第三。

麦肯锡报告认为,应从以下三个因素理解中国数字经济发展的驱动力和前景:

第一,中国市场体量庞大,拥有数量可观的年轻网民,为数字商业模式迅速投入商用创造了条件。中国庞大的互联网用户群有利于数字企业不断试水,更有助于其快速实现规模经济。2016年,中国的互联网用户达到7.31亿,超过了欧盟和美国的网民总和。

第二,中国互联网三巨头(百度、阿里巴巴和腾讯)建立的丰富数字化生态圈如今正在不断拓展延伸。2016年,三巨头提供的风险投资占中国风投总额的42%,同年由脸书、亚马逊、谷歌和网飞公司组成的美国互联网四巨头在美国风投市场贡献率为5%。相比之下,中国三巨头在推动本国数字产业发展方面的贡献尤为显著。

第三,中国政府对数字化企业和机构的开放态度使之成为了数字化发展的积极推动者。政策制定者过去对数字化企业的监管往往“放缓一步”,使这些企业得以大胆试水并扩大规模。随着市场渐渐成熟,政府愈发主动加强监管,力图营造更加健康的数字化发展环境,同时还以投资者、开发者及消费者的角色积极提供支持。

在以上三大因素共同推动下,中国的数字化发展不断取得新进展。这也意味着中国在世界舞台上的角色日益醒目,对全球经济的影响力也逐渐扩大。麦肯锡全球研究院中国副院长成政珉表示:“中国的数字化发展前景远比许多关注者认为的更加宽广。”

报告认为,过去几十年中,中国已在全球价值链的纽带作用下变成世界经济不可或缺的一部分。未来的世界将是数字全球化时代,中国风投企业在海外投资市场的表现日益活跃。

与此同时,中国率先应用的多种数字商业模式如今已在全世界流行开来,从无桩共享单车到视频社交网络等等不一而足。越来越多的中国数字企业通过并购、商业模式拓展、提供技术供应这3种方式努力扩展全球业务,这也许意味着中国即将来到全球数字化发展的最前沿。

对于中国数字经济的发展,麦肯锡公司全球资深董事合伙人、麦肯锡全球研究院院长华强森指出:“中国已经成为世界公认的数字化大国。作为数字技术的主要投资国以及应用此类技术的先行国家,中国正在改写全球数字化的格局,并为远在海外的创业公司提供支持和启迪。中国的数字全球化进程方兴未艾,本土科技巨头资本雄厚,数字生态系统日益丰富,很有可能在未来几年内成为引领全球数字化发展的力量。”(蒋华栋)

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