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英首相出“新招” 力图打破脱欧谈判僵局

2017-09-25 07:16:54   中国网

尽管欧盟与英国已经进行了三轮脱欧谈判,但由于双方分歧始终难以弥合,谈判未取得任何实质性进展。为打破谈判僵局,当地时间22日,英国首相特雷莎·梅在意大利佛罗伦萨发表讲话,就英国脱欧谈判中的一系列核心议题表明立场。

特雷莎·梅表示,英国将“信守对欧盟预算的承诺”,前提是欧盟单一市场在脱欧后的两年过渡期内仍然向英国开放。有分析认为,梅政府的态度出现软化,将有助于打破英脱欧谈判僵局,缓解各方对于前景不确定性的担忧。

特雷莎·梅脱欧新提议:设立两年过渡期

特雷莎·梅在当天的演讲中提议,在英国退出欧盟后启动为期两年左右的过渡期,以便在双方建立新型伙伴关系之前尽量保持经贸环境的稳定。

根据梅的提议,英国通过向欧盟缴纳每年的预算费用和承诺的其他费用,能够继续留在欧盟单一市场和关税同盟,在过渡期与欧盟成员国进行自由贸易。她表示,英国将“信守对欧盟预算的承诺”,欧盟成员国不应因英国脱欧“付出更多或得到更少”。

梅的这番表态也证实了此前媒体的分析,即英国未来可能向欧盟缴纳至少约200亿欧元的预算费用。不过,这并不是英国与欧盟全部的“分手费”,由于涉及英国对欧盟未偿债务的谈判尚未达成一致,英国脱欧的最终成本可能会更高。

在英欧双方争议较大的保障欧盟在英公民权利方面,梅首次明确表态,欧盟公民依然可以来英国居住和生活,只不过需要进行注册,这是为了新的移民系统做准备。

曾经的恩爱夫妻,劳燕分飞不易。梅在演讲中还不忘打“感情牌”,她对英国和欧盟的未来表示乐观,强调即使脱欧之后,英国仍将是欧盟最强有力的朋友和伙伴。

脱欧新提议能否打破谈判僵局?

设立两年的过渡期,支付200亿欧元“分手费”,能否打破谈判的僵局?对于梅的新提议,英国和欧盟各界褒贬不一。

欧盟委员会脱欧谈判首席代表米歇尔·巴尼耶在“第一时间”对英国首相的演讲进行评价,他认为梅通过此次演讲向外界展示了英方的创造性精神。巴尼耶称,欧盟将认真考虑梅所提出的英国脱欧后进入两年过渡期的建议,但必须保持权利与义务对等。针对梅关于兑现英国承诺的表态,他表示“愿闻其详”。巴尼耶指出,我们越早就英国退出欧盟达成协议,就能越早启动建立新型关系的谈判。

对于设立两年过渡期的提议,英国财政大臣哈蒙德深表赞同,他形象地举例说:“如果我们突然离开关税同盟,(英国的)多佛港根本没有足够的空间来容纳那些排队等待海关检查的货车。” 而英国前独立党党魁、脱欧运动旗手法拉奇则批评梅关于两年过渡期的提议是在挑衅那些支持脱欧的英国选民,法拉奇强调,“英国选民并未投票同意设立过渡期”。

英国广播公司(BBC)的一篇评论也间接表达了不满,“在公投过程中,过渡问题从未被讨论过,选民们被告知可以期待金钱的回报,而不是继续花钱。”

英国舆论普遍认为,梅的这次讲话是英国政府为了打破脱欧僵局做出的让步,并没有实质性的突破,因为梅的讲话未能列出更多关于脱欧前景的细节。

目前看来,英国正式退出欧盟将是一个很漫长的马拉松进程。梅所提出的条件能否在不惹怒本国“疑欧派”的情况下,引起欧盟谈判团队的足够兴趣,有待于通过第四轮“脱欧”谈判检验。(栗一星)

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