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随笔:美国“退约”难撼国际社会坚守《巴黎协定》决心

2017-09-24 21:11:51   新华网

新华社联合国9月24日电 随笔:美国“退约”难撼国际社会坚守《巴黎协定》决心

新华社记者王建刚

第72届联合国大会一般性辩论在联合国纽约总部紧张举行间隙,一场关于气候变化问题的高级别对话会也在这里举行。在飓风“哈维”“艾尔玛”“玛丽亚”前赴后继刷新人们对气候变化危害认知之际,这场对话会的举行可谓应时应景。

在新闻发布会上,与会法国总统马克龙称美国总统特朗普退出气候变化《巴黎协定》是一个错误,并表达了在美国“退约”问题上不与美方讨价还价的强硬立场。舆论称,马克龙的态度宣示了194个签约国守护《巴黎协定》的坚定决心。

今年6月,特朗普以“不能支持那些惩罚美国的协议”和“美国需要对美国人民公平的协议”为由,宣布退出《巴黎协定》。美方此举引发国际社会广泛批评。显然,在国际社会联手应对气候变化问题上,美国选择站在了国际社会的对立面。

特朗普打着“美国优先”旗号,以《巴黎协定》将给美国带来“苛刻财政和经济负担”为由坚持退出协定。舆论指出,“退约”背后实则受到传统能源产业巨大的利益驱动,不过,美国传统能源产业创造就业机会的潜力早已难以深度挖掘。

仅有的没有加入应对气候变化阵营的国家包括:饱受战乱的叙利亚,债台高筑的尼加拉瓜,以及长期以来以“人类共同利益与福祉捍卫者”自居的美国。令人欣慰的是,美国宣布“退约”至今,没有任何国家跟风效仿。

《巴黎协定》的达成可谓来之不易,它体现了国际社会在寻求应对气候变化共识、追求最大公约数的政治意愿。签约国在应对气候变化这一重大问题上保持清醒,坚信气候变化是各国面临的共同挑战,没有任何一个国家能够置身事外。

联合国秘书长古特雷斯已在多个场合强调气候变化的巨大危害。他把气候变化与核威胁、教派纷争一同认定为当今世界面临的三大挑战。去年,因突发性自然灾难而流离失所者多达2420万人,这一数字三倍于冲突和暴力所造成的人数。

气候变化带来的现实威胁近在咫尺。应对气候变化,节能减排、促进新能源发展是各国转变发展方式、破解资源环境制约、提升国际竞争力的内在需求,低碳发展道路则是大势所趋。而为了眼前蝇头小利逆向而行,只能错失新的发展机遇。

出席对话会的中国外交部长王毅表示,国际社会合作应对气候变化的努力进入到关键阶段,我们要不折不扣地落实各国领导人在巴黎作出的庄严承诺,坚持合作应对气候变化的大方向不动摇,要立足于采取实际行动,实施好国家自主贡献。

近年来,中国在能源转型方面成就显著:水电、风电、光伏发电装机规模均居世界第一,核电在建规模为全球首位。同时,中国通过“一带一路”建设、产能合作、南南合作等平台,积极推进与各国、特别是发展中国家在能源领域的合作。

面对气候变化这一关乎人类永续发展的挑战,美国选择退出《巴黎协定》以“独善其身”,大多数负责任国家则展示坚决捍卫《巴黎协定》的道义担当,致力于推动国际社会同舟共济、共克时艰。

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