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欠债3亿美元 美国新闻博物馆考虑“卖物业求生”

2017-09-24 08:06:51   新华网

据《华盛顿邮报》报道,近日,位于首都华盛顿的美国新闻博物馆首席执行官杰弗里·赫布斯特宣布辞职。随后,该博物馆的主要出资者自由论坛基金公开承认新闻博物馆当前面临巨大的财务困境,可能不得不出售整个博物馆建筑。

  “快沉没的轮船”

在自由论坛基金(原称甘奈特基金)的资助下,新闻博物馆1997年在弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿首次运营。三年后,新闻博物馆宣布搬迁到宾夕法尼亚大道,位于美国国会大厦和白宫之间。

2008年4月11日,新闻博物馆正式对外开放。这座闪闪发亮的现代玻璃建筑意在向人们全方位传递新闻的重要性。馆藏丰富、多种展示方式以及创意互动项目成为公众了解新闻行业的又一渠道,其最新的展览包括“第一宠物:美国总统和他们的宠物”。

然而近几年,新闻博物馆遭遇裁员和赤字。尽管已经挣扎了一段时间,但关于出售博物馆建筑的公告还是令外界感到震惊,这一计划可能是新闻博物馆能使出的最后一招。

自由论坛基金宣布,考虑整体出售占地约2.3万平方米的新闻博物馆。此外,顾问们也正在酝酿合资经营或出售博物馆的部分物业,其中包括停车场、公寓、会议中心和高级餐厅。毕竟宾夕法尼亚大道这一黄金地段还是很吸引人的。

在过去的20年里,自由论坛基金给新闻博物馆贡献了约5亿美元。自由论坛基金首席执行官简·纽哈斯在声明中说,很明显,自由论坛基金是新闻博物馆的主要出资者,但这种经营模式不会长久。这种赤字率最终将耗尽自由论坛的全部资金,每年的耗资使我们无法将资本分配给其他项目。2006年,自由论坛基金的资产约为11亿美元。但2015年底,该基金只拥有约8亿美元的资产。

尽管外界对新闻博物馆的未来持消极态度,但新闻博物馆董事会主席彼得·普里查德说,过去几年中,他们收到的捐款增加了30%以上,支出率则下降到4%,他们还将在未来几个月内宣布几笔重要捐款。许多参观者对新闻博物馆好评如潮。

《华盛顿邮报》在2014年获得的内部文件显示,新闻博物馆曾考虑过利用这座建筑(当时估价为6.67亿美元)进行经营活动。文件还显示博物馆工作人员曾计划发起筹款活动。

据媒体报道,该博物馆背负着3亿美元的债务。新闻博物馆前董事会成员说,如果每年亏损3000万美元,谁会给钱?人们通常不会想救一艘快要沉下去的船。

  高票价阻挡参观者

在激烈的展馆竞争中,新闻博物馆的门票在哥伦比亚特区是最贵的,成人门票售价24.95美元,青少年门票售价14.95美元,而一街之隔的国家美术馆可以免费参观。相比之下高价的门票无法吸引大量参观者,恐怕也是新闻博物馆在财务上难以为继的原因之一。去年约700万游客参观了同样位于华盛顿的美国国家航空航天博物馆,而新闻博物馆仅吸引了约80万访客。

在赫布斯特宣布辞职后,该博物馆将由纽哈斯、普里查德和首席运营官威廉姆斯领导。

一位退休的博物馆研究员说,新闻博物馆的领导层一直在变动,人才资源不断流失。纽哈斯是7年来第5位领导,因此员工和董事会之间可能存在问题。2015年,新闻博物馆263名员工的工资、福利和工资税共计高达1900万美元,约占博物馆总开支的三分之一。

博物馆内部文件显示,2008年金融危机发生后,新闻博物馆的信用评级下调。此外,美国“政客”新闻网指出,这座在金融危机中耗资4.5亿美元建造的华丽建筑也受到外界批评——认为它尽管有象征价值,但黄金地段上的昂贵建筑不符合可持续理念。(见习记者 陆依斐)

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