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引领海洋经济的绿色发展大潮

2017-09-20 14:27:39   光明网

  光明网记者 李曾骙

“21世纪是海洋世纪,人类的未来在海洋。”

在日前举行的2017金砖国家工商论坛上,面对海洋经济迅猛发展的趋势,众多工商界代表不约而同地表达出了同一个观点。海洋经济,这一概念再次成为人们热议的话题。

海洋对于世界经济的重要性不言而喻,蔚蓝的大海不但为人类提供了食物、能源、生产原料,还保障了大量就业。仅在当下,全世界海洋经济的总产值就已超过了10万亿元人民币,预计到2030年时还将增长超过两倍。在欧盟范围内,海洋经济每年提供了540万个工作岗位,带来3.83万亿元人民币经济产值;在中国,与海洋相关的产业保障了3500万人的就业。

但同时,人类对海洋的开发利用过程中也存在诸多问题,过度开发、海洋垃圾等问题都威胁着海洋的健康,威胁着海洋经济的可持续发展。全球气候变暖影响了海洋生物的繁衍生息,直接威胁海洋生态平衡。人类活动产生的污染同样威胁着海洋生态,据估计,目前每一分钟就有相当于一卡车的塑料垃圾倒进海洋,照此趋势,到2050年,塑料垃圾的重量将超过鱼群。

中国作为海洋大国,经济发展高度依赖海洋,蔚蓝的海洋给予了中国发展不竭的动力,中国的沿海地区以全球陆域面积的1%,承载了全球5亿多人口,创造了近8.35%的全球经济总量。正如国家海洋局总工程师吕彩霞日前接受记者采访时所说,经历了改革开放以来三十多年的快速发展,中国越来越认识到健康、安全的海洋对实现国家可持续发展的重要性。中国倡导“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”的五大发展理念,更加注重发展的质量和效益。

党的十八大以来,中国把生态文明建设提到了前所未有的高度。绿水青山就是金山银山。海洋经济发展同样离不开绿色发展的理念。招商局集团有限公司董事长李建红就认为,海洋经济就是绿色经济,是循环经济,是可持续发展。巴西林业协会主席艾伊扎贝琪·卡瓦雷斯也认为,海洋经济,就是绿色经济的升级版。

2016年,中国海上风电装机规模已超越丹麦,成为仅次于英国的第二大风电装机大国,并且已掌握了比较前沿的风机制造技术。海洋能技术的进步与转移,加速了海洋能技术更新的步伐,更为海洋能源进行多层次的国际技术合作提供支撑,使得中国成为很多国家寻求海洋发展方式的合作伙伴。

除了本国大力发展可持续的海洋经济外,在国际社会中,中国也在透过各种形式支持着国际社会对海洋的绿色开发。2017年中国与欧盟合办“中欧蓝色年”,目的就是为了共同推进双方在海洋领域兼顾发展与生态的国际合作,就海洋治理和海洋经济等议题展开合作。将于9月21日在福建召开的“中国—小岛屿国家海洋部长圆桌会议”,主题为“蓝色经济 生态海岛”,也是为全方位推动中国与岛屿国家和地区共同构建基于海洋合作的蓝色伙伴关系,提升全球海洋治理能力。

21世纪,人类进入了大规模开发利用海洋的时期。海洋在国家经济发展格局和对外开放中的作用更加重要,在国家生态文明建设中的角色加显著。遵循天人合一、道法自然的理念,绿色、可持续的利用海洋,寻求海洋的永续发展之路,相信这不仅是中国发展的潮流,更将成为引领世界发展的大潮。

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