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新闻分析:议会再选举能否解利比亚乱局

2017-09-16 18:01:40   新华网

新华社突尼斯9月16日电 新闻分析:议会再选举能否解利比亚乱局

新华社记者李远 张轩瑞

今年7月,利比亚民族团结政府总理萨拉杰首次公开表示,要在2018年春天举行新的议会选举,随后法国、英国、美国等国相继表态支持。英国外交大臣约翰逊与美国国务卿蒂勒森本月14日在伦敦讨论利比亚问题时认为,利比亚在2018年春天举行议会选举“没有害处”。

然而舆论分析认为,在利比亚当前政治形势混乱、武装冲突不断的情况下,再次进行议会选举很难改变利比亚的现状。

2011年卡扎菲政权被推翻后,利比亚政局陷入持续动荡,该国分别于2012年和2014年举行议会选举。但两次选举都没能改变利比亚的动荡局势,反而形成了两个议会、两个政府并立并冲突的混乱局面。

2015年12月,在联合国斡旋下,当时利比亚的两个对立势力签订政治协议,国民代表大会和民族团结政府成为国际社会承认的议会和政府。然而,由于利益冲突和对石油资源的争夺,双方再次反目,国民代表大会于今年3月宣布民族团结政府为非法。利比亚陷入东部和西部两大政治势力对峙、国家统一与政治和解停滞的僵局。

目前,总理萨拉杰领导的民族团结政府位于利比亚西部,东部地区则在利比亚退役将领哈夫塔尔武装势力的控制之下。东部地区相对安全稳定的生活环境,为哈夫塔尔在民间赢得了一些声誉。

萨拉杰9月初接受利比亚媒体采访时表示,国民代表大会已经没法运作,连相关立法都无法进行,“必须寻求其他办法推动利比亚的工作”。

有分析认为,国民代表大会对萨拉杰的敌对状态,使萨拉杰政府在利比亚事务上很难有所作为,再次进行议会选举或许能让萨拉杰在新的议会里得到一定话语权。

不过,也有利比亚媒体分析认为,如此仓促地进行选举,其实是政治人物利用还在位的优势,为保障其政治地位而采取的手段。他们还对哈夫塔尔越来越大的影响力感到忧虑,希望利用哈夫塔尔目前主要将精力放在军事行动上而无暇顾及政治的时机赢取先机。

舆论普遍认为,利比亚目前东西部势力对峙的局面并不适合举行议会选举,选举的公平和合法性无法得到保障,选举并不能从根本上改变现状。

利比亚政治分析家易马德丁在媒体上撰文说,一个国家的各个派别连在如何让普通民众用上电的问题上都不能达成一致,又怎能奢望选举会带来和平与稳定。

此外,经过6年多的国家混乱,利比亚民众对参加选举的热情已大幅下降。参加2012年议会选举的利比亚民众达270万,占总人口42%,而参加2014年选举的人数仅为150万。

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