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随笔:一场军演引发的“喧嚣”

2017-09-14 18:31:49   新华网

新华社北京9月14日电 随笔:一场军演引发的“喧嚣”

新华社记者董龙江

在一些北约国家的“惊恐和猜测”中,俄罗斯和白俄罗斯两国“西部-2017”联合军演14日如期拉开大幕。据俄罗斯国防部消息,此次参演军人总数为1.27万,动用约70架飞机和直升机以及约250辆坦克。演习在俄罗斯3个试验场和白俄罗斯多个试验场同时推进。

近几个月来,虽然俄白两国多次声明,这不过是一次纯粹的防御性演习,不会对欧洲或某些邻国构成任何威胁,然而北约国家始终对其透明度表示质疑。“俄罗斯威胁论”甚嚣尘上。德国国防部长冯德莱恩就曾表示,将有10万军人参与这次军演。她的说法随即遭到俄罗斯国防部发言人科纳申科夫批驳,称冯德莱恩“纯属凭空捏造”。

尽管北约秘书长斯托尔滕贝格认为俄白联合军演不会给北约带来“迫近威胁”,但他同时宣布,北约将对军演进行严密监控。军演开始前夕,北约在立陶宛投入7架战机,用于加强波罗的海空中巡逻力量。立陶宛媒体披露,近两年来,从立陶宛起飞执行波罗的海空中巡逻任务的北约战机通常只有4架。而据俄罗斯红星电视台网站报道,来自美国和乌克兰等多国的2500多名军人目前正在乌克兰举行“快速三叉戟-2017”多国联合军演。

其实,自乌克兰危机爆发以来,北约与俄罗斯在中东欧地区的军事对峙就呈现出强化趋势。特别是在反导和东扩问题上,以美国为首的北约对俄罗斯持续施压,蚕食俄罗斯的战略空间。根据2016年北约华沙峰会的决定,北约从今年开始实施加强在中东欧国家的驻军计划。

白俄罗斯国防部第一副部长兼武装力量总参谋长别洛科涅夫8月底说,北约在波兰和波罗的海三国不断加大军事部署并频繁接近白俄罗斯边境地区,“西部-2017”联合军演正是在这个复杂背景下举行的。

不过,俄罗斯国防部副部长福明13日接受“德国之声”采访时说,不应赋予俄白联合军演政治涵义,军演名称“西部”只是一个地理概念,可以理解为俄罗斯和白俄罗斯的西部地区,而非特指西方国家、欧盟或者北约成员国。东欧和波罗的海国家居民尽可“安心睡觉”。福明还说,俄罗斯相信在一年最多两年内能够重建与北约的关系,包括完全恢复像俄罗斯-北约理事会这样“出色的互动机制”。

外界也注意到,就在此次联合军演开始前一周,北约与俄罗斯进行了自乌克兰危机爆发以来在军事领域最高级别的一次接触。北约军事委员会主席帕维尔与俄罗斯武装力量总参谋长格拉西莫夫在阿塞拜疆举行会晤,双方同意将“继续保持接触”。

目前阶段,虽然导致北约与俄罗斯关系一度中断的乌克兰危机解决进程几乎陷入停滞,现有的“诺曼底模式”(包括法国、德国、俄罗斯和乌克兰)似乎难以破局,但不容忽视的是,北约与俄罗斯在打击国际恐怖主义、防止武器扩散和解决地区冲突等诸多领域有共同利益,存在合作空间。

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