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日本欲向泰国出售雷达,意在“一箭三雕”

2017-09-14 09:36:23   新华网

日本媒体近日报道,日本防卫省将竞标泰国空军雷达采购项目,争取向泰国出口FPS-3型防空雷达。这是日本政府竭力突破和平宪法限制向外出口防卫装备,加快对东南亚地区相关国家进行军事和政治拉拢,搅动南海地区局势的又一举措。

日本《产经新闻》8月27日报道,防卫省为了向泰国出口航空自卫队的地面防空雷达,将参加泰国9月下旬举行的招标会。据悉,日本意向出售的FPS-3雷达是一种高性能有源相控阵雷达,由日本三菱电机制造,对远程高空目标和近程低空目标具有较强的探测和跟踪能力,可极大提升防空系统整体的作战能力。

目前,日本航空自卫队已经装备了7部该型雷达,部署在全国各地,主要用于国土防空警戒监视。而泰国空军现役雷达已经老化,亟须装备新型防空雷达进行替换,因而询问日方能否引进航空自卫队正在使用的雷达装备。

这并不是日本第一次向泰国推销武器。2016年6月8日,日本防卫大臣中谷元与泰国国防部长巴维·翁素万在曼谷以南海争议为题举行会谈时,就曾以加强日泰两国军事合作为名,向泰国推销P-1反潜机和US-2水陆两用飞机。

日本推销的这两款飞机极具地区运用针对性。其中,P-1反潜机是日本第一款本土研制和生产的长航时海上巡逻机,属于较老型号P-3“猎户座”反潜机的替代机型,适合低空反潜战。而US-2水陆两用飞机则是完全由日本自主制造的多功能水上飞机,既可用于海上巡逻和反潜作战,也可用于远距离海上搜救。

泰国看中了日本的这两型飞机,但其希望日本在转移装备的同时一起转让相关技术,导致这项军售交易最终没有达成。

日本这次之所以热心地向泰国出售雷达,背后有三方面的图谋。此次军售计划是自2014年4月日本内阁会议确定“防卫装备转移三原则”以来,首次计划向东南亚出口大型防卫装备,成功与否直接关系到防卫装备出口之路能否打通。特别是在日本近年来先后试图向英国出口海上自卫队反潜巡逻机和向澳大利亚出口海上自卫队潜艇等项目均遭失败的情况下,此次军售项目一旦成功对于防卫政策的突破无疑有着极为重大的意义。

此次军售也是日本拉拢和加强与东南亚地区相关国家关系的重要举措。近年来,日本为了扩大自身在亚洲,尤其是在南海地区的影响力,在政治、军事和经济等多个领域不断强化与东南亚一些重点国家的关系,其中,武器装备的租售与援助是重要手段。

8月10日,路透社报道,日本自卫队将向菲律宾无偿提供4万件直升机零部件,以保持菲律宾军方的空中能力。这是日本今年5月通过允许无偿转让自卫队二手装备的自卫队法之后的首个装备无偿转让项目。而在6月举行的日本国防科技展览上,日本防卫装备厅长官渡边秀明在开幕式致辞中更是明确表示,要以高质量的日本防卫装备提高日本与东南亚地区的防务水平。

此外,日本意欲向泰国等东南亚国家出售军事装备,也是想迈出与这些国家进行深度军事合作的第一步。据报道,如果此次日本能够实现向泰国出口雷达,除了卖装备,还可以获得对泰国军方雷达操作与维护人员进行教育训练的机会,从而进一步加深双方的军事合作。这种典型的军事外交是日本在南海地区与中国争夺影响力的重要手段之一。

可以预见,随着日本在防卫政策上不断突破之前的羁绊与约束,其将会从多个方面在东南亚积极展开战略经营。日方的主要目的就是鼓动和怂恿南海地区相关国家与中国对抗,从而破坏南海地区的局势稳定,达到牵制中国和扩大日本影响力的双重目的。(王鹏 作者单位:空军工程大学)

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