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“伊斯兰国”溃败 叙利亚离和平还有多远

2017-09-13 11:11:24   新华网

新华社大马士革9月12日电(国际观察)“伊斯兰国”溃败 叙利亚离和平还有多远

新华社记者车宏亮 郑一晗

俄罗斯军方12日说,叙利亚政府军已从极端组织“伊斯兰国”手中收复大部分领土,目前控制该国85%的土地。

分析人士认为,“伊斯兰国”在叙利亚的溃败已成定局,但叙利亚政府与反对派的政治和解进程仍面临障碍,战后重建也困难重重,这将是叙利亚今后需要应对的两个主要挑战。

继续围剿“伊斯兰国”

代尔祖尔省是“伊斯兰国”在叙仅存的重要控制区。叙利亚政府军近期在这一东部省份围剿“伊斯兰国”的军事行动进展显著。

5日,政府军攻入该省首府代尔祖尔市内一处被“伊斯兰国”长期围困的军营,与营地内的政府军士兵会合,打破了“伊斯兰国”对代尔祖尔市长达3年的封锁。9日,政府军又打破“伊斯兰国”对当地一个军用机场的长期围困。

10日,政府军完全打通连接大马士革和代尔祖尔市的公路,这有助于巩固并扩大其在代尔祖尔市乃至全省的战斗成果。目前政府军正继续在代尔祖尔市及周边地区展开打击“伊斯兰国”的军事行动。

与此同时,库尔德武装主导的“叙利亚民主军”正继续围攻“伊斯兰国”在叙境内的大本营拉卡,已经将极端分子团团围困在10余平方公里的范围内。近日,“叙利亚民主军”还分兵南下,进攻代尔祖尔省的“伊斯兰国”武装,目前已逼近代尔祖尔市。

分析人士指出,“伊斯兰国”在叙利亚战场上节节败退,已失去了曾经占据的大部分土地,目前控制的只有代尔祖尔省大部分地区和拉卡等零星地区。而以政府军和“叙利亚民主军”的进攻势头来看,收复整个代尔祖尔省只是时间问题。

 政治和解仍存障碍

与“伊斯兰国”的战争胜利在望,而叙利亚政府与反对派之间的政治和解进程仍面临不少障碍。这些障碍自叙冲突之初就存在,已导致联合国主导的多轮和谈无果而终。

根据联合国秘书长叙利亚问题特使德米斯图拉的说法,下一轮真正具有“实质意义”的叙利亚问题日内瓦和谈将于今年10月举行。而上一轮日内瓦和谈于今年7月结束,没有取得实质性成果。

目前,叙利亚反对派主要分为境内和境外两大派,各种反对派组织数量众多,立场不一。分别活动于沙特、俄罗斯和埃及的叙反对派近期举行会谈,希望组建统一的反对派代表团,但各方在总统巴沙尔·阿萨德去留问题上仍未达成一致。

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