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惨烈堪比列宁格勒!叙军精兵悍将坚守孤城4载终获救

2017-09-11 16:21:40   中国网

当地时间2017年9月5日,叙利亚媒体宣布,经过激烈交战,叙政府军打破了极端组织对于叙东部城市代尔祖尔长达3年的围困,打通了政府军通向东部地区的最后节点,并给盘踞当地多年的“伊斯兰国”(IS)武装以沉重打击。这是叙利亚政府军打击叙境内极端组织的历史性进展。值此围城解困之际,笔者就根据以前搜集的有关代尔祖尔围城战的资料,和大家聊聊代尔祖尔战事中那些不容忽视的节点事件、关键人物和战法特征。

六年战火联翩至一千精兵援孤城

尽管目前中外媒体的报道均称,极端组织对代尔祖尔的围城战持续了3年,但这一说法显然忽视了在2014年“伊斯兰国”崛起前,代尔祖尔已经历了近3年的战火。

由于代尔祖尔市位于叙利亚东北部,邻近叙利亚与邻国土耳其和伊拉克的交界地区,因此该地聚集了包括库尔德人、亚美尼亚人在内的多个叙利亚境内少数民族。由于叙利亚现政权对少数民族长期采取高压政策,使得叙利亚内战爆发时,当地许多民众因对政府心怀不满而积极参与了反对派武装的活动。据美国战争研究所的资料显示,自2011年7月以来,叙利亚主要反对派——叙利亚自由军即在代尔祖尔周边地区攻城略地。

从地图上看,代尔祖尔位于叙利亚东部沙漠地区,与西部的人口聚居区仅有陆上交通干道相连,叙政府军从西部地区增援该地不易。同时,驻该地的叙军第17步兵师人数较少,战斗力也较弱。这些主客观因素导致叙政府军在与反对派武装的战斗中屡屡落于下风。

在缺乏当地民众支持与主力驰援的情况下,叙政府军在代尔祖尔地区不断丧师失地。经过2年多的拉锯战,至2013年,政府军在代尔祖尔的据点仅剩下位于城东和城西的2处军事基地,驻城内的叙军第17步兵师也由于伤亡和叛逃而损失惨重,仅剩3000余人且士气低落。总体上,代尔祖尔已被周边的叙利亚自由军全面围困,形势一度告急。

正当代尔祖尔即将落于反对派武装之手之际,2013年10月,在西部战场获得喘息之机的叙政府军终于向代尔祖尔派出了宝贵的援兵——叙利亚共和国卫队第104空降旅。该部驰援代尔祖尔时,由于此前的战斗损失,兵力也仅有1000多人。但这支从人数上看似乎杯水车薪的援兵,战斗力上却不容小觑。

第104旅此前曾连续参与了叙政府军在大马士革附近与反对派武装的多轮交战,并在北部重镇阿勒颇形势危急时对稳定当地态势发挥过重要作用。而后来又持续3年之久的代尔祖尔攻防战,也证明了该部在保住这块叙政府军东部“飞地”的过程中,不愧是力挽狂澜的“擎天白玉柱,架海紫金梁”。

资料图片:图为在代尔祖尔会师的叙政府军守备部队和解围部队指挥官的合影。(图片来源于网络)

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