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约80万“追梦人”或梦碎美利坚

2017-09-07 07:36:54   新华网

5日,美国特朗普政府宣布中止被称为“追梦人”计划的“童年抵美者暂缓遣返”计划,这意味着约80万非法移民将因此可能被遣返。消息传出,引发大批民众抗议浪潮,包括前总统奥巴马在内的民主党高层严厉批评特朗普此举为“政治操作”。

分析认为,特朗普很可能会在“追梦人计划”问题上与国会交易,以同意该计划成为法案为条件,换取国会在美墨边境筑墙等重要问题上的支持。

特朗普给该计划6个月缓冲期

也许是意识到该决定过于敏感,总统特朗普没有亲自宣布,而是由一向反对移民法案的司法部长塞申斯于5日召开记者会,宣布“童年抵美者暂缓遣返”计划失效。塞申斯称该计划是前总统奥巴马的单方举措,目的是向目前大多已经是成年人的非法移民提供居留许可、工作机会和社会福利,此举已经引发巨大争议及法律分歧,因此必须中止。

特朗普当天发表声明,表示他不愿意因为父母的行动而惩罚孩子,但是大家必须承认美国正因为是法治国家才成为机会的国度。他批评奥巴马当年的行政决定没有与国会沟通,并强调行政机关不能在重大移民改革问题上不顾联邦法律自行其事。

特朗普宣布他将给该计划6个月的缓冲期。在此期间,国会必须通过相关立法,为80万非法移民提供居留在美国的法律依据。

2012年6月,时任总统奥巴马启动“童年抵美者暂缓遣返计划”,旨在让符合资格的非法移民获得合法身份。按该计划,2007年6月15日以前进入美国,年龄在16岁至30岁之间的非法移民可以继续留在美国,条件是每两年登记一次。此后,该计划于2014年11月由奥巴马再度放宽,2010年1月1日以前进入美国的非法移民,只要抵达之日年龄小于16岁均可申请,并且审查年限延长为3年,并可以继续延期。按美国政府统计,目前符合这一计划而获得居留许可的非法移民约为80万。

统计显示,这80万非法移民并没抢占美国民众的福利,他们不仅自食其力,而且每年向联邦政府缴纳20亿美元的税收。而如果遣返这些人,则需要耗费纳税人高达600亿美元的费用。更重要的是,如果这些非法移民遭遣返,未来美国将被迫斥资上千亿美元来培训替代劳动力。

对于从小在美国长大的“追梦人”来说,美国是他们的家,而这些人也是非法移民中犯罪率最低,受教育水平最高,就业率最高,同化程度最高,对美国社会贡献最大的人群。各种民调也显示,美国人对这群“追梦人”大多持同情态度,反对将其逐出美国。

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