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蒙古国谴责美国制裁伊朗 反对华盛顿向平壤施压

2017-09-05 08:17:20   参考消息

原标题:蒙古国“仗义执言”谴责美国制裁伊朗:向后者大量出售铀矿石

参考消息网9月1日报道 俄罗斯战略文化基金会网站8月24日发表弗拉季斯拉夫·古列维奇的文章《是什么让蒙古国与伊朗靠拢》称,蒙古国总统特使勒·普日布苏荣在8月初访问伊朗参加哈桑·鲁哈尼的宣誓就职仪式时,谴责美国对伊朗和俄罗斯实施的经济制裁。

蒙古国特使说:“我们不承认美国的制裁,不认为这是解决问题的好办法,并对此予以谴责。”他是在德黑兰与乌兰巴托签署深化外交关系宣言的背景下说这番话的。

要想明白这番话的意思,就必须回顾一下蒙伊关系的发展轨迹。

蒙古国总统哈勒特马·巴特图勒嘎

两国合作在2010年急剧升温,当时,德黑兰与蒙古国总统哈勒特马·巴特图勒嘎的马希姆佩克斯公司签署了供应羊肉的大合同。

作为全世界牲畜存栏量最大的国家(超过3500万头),蒙古国非常希望出口肉制品。该国另一项主要收入来源是铀(探明储量6.5万吨,未探明储量140万吨)等地下矿藏。从本世纪初开始落实民用核计划的德黑兰对这些资源感兴趣。2012年,时任蒙古国总统的查希亚·额勒贝格道尔吉成为第一位参观伊朗铀浓缩工厂的外国客人。

乌兰巴托基于“第三邻国”的理念与德黑兰建立关系。夹在中俄之间、没有出海口的蒙古国奉行平衡外交政策,在以中俄为优先的同时,也依靠美国、欧盟、韩国、印度、新加坡、泰国、日本、澳大利亚和土耳其等第三方力量。

蒙古国同时与这些国家开展合作,不分亲疏。“第三邻国”也不是某个固定伙伴,而是一个流动称呼。蒙古国的“第三邻国”可以是任何国家,只要与该国的合作有助于乌兰巴托奉行“多支点”政策。它唯一的条件是不参加反对中国和俄罗斯的联盟。

这令俄罗斯感到满意。蒙古国的国家安全战略巩固了其中立地位,其中写道:“我们将与俄罗斯和中国发展睦邻友好关系和广泛合作。”

同时,蒙古国不希望“第三邻国”的影响力过分增强,这与美国的追求恰恰相反。美国人的企图可能破坏蒙古国与外部世界现有的政治关系构架,打破稳定的力量平衡。

文章称,因此,乌兰巴托反对华盛顿向平壤施压,主动要求扮演化解美朝关系危机的中间人。蒙古国是为数不多与朝鲜保持关系的国家之一,并把后者视为“第三邻国”。

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