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俄智库榜单:谁会是普京“接班人”

2017-08-27 07:40:45   新华网

俄罗斯将于明年举行大选,现任总统普京是否参选,一直深受外界瞩目。普京对此守口如瓶,只是在本月初访问俄罗斯布里亚特共和国时才首次稍露口风。当被问及这个问题时,普京称愿意“考虑”,但是仍未明确表态。

根据五大指标打分

美国《新闻周刊》表示,普京是继续参选,还是放弃连任,不到最后一刻仍是个谜。日前,圣彼得堡智库“彼得堡政治”发表一份报告,对所有可能成为普京接班人的“候选人”进行了排名。

据《莫斯科时报》称,这份排名根据以下5个标准综合而成:媒体曝光度、一般活跃度、精英认可度、矛盾和弱点。每项指标5分,总计25分。

在最终“入围”的20名“候选人”中,俄罗斯总理梅德韦杰夫以21分的最高分名列榜首,成为最有希望的继任人选。“彼得堡政治”在报告中称,目前来看,梅德韦杰夫在政治地位的弱化上有所“止步”,但是,其劣势在于仍未能从此前的负面形象中脱身,也未能完全克服外界的消极评价。今年早些时候,关于梅德韦杰夫贪腐的传言,引发俄多年来最大规模的反克里姆林宫抗议。

紧随梅德韦杰夫之后的是莫斯科市长索比亚宁,他获得19分。因提出颇具争议的莫斯科改造计划,59岁的索比亚宁近年来知名度陡升。报告称,今年春,索比亚宁还提议进行住房改革,也一度招致非议。不过,综合其近来表现,他已度过了这一危机。

候选者有望获关键任命

除了梅德韦杰夫与索比亚宁这些俄政坛大佬,也有一些尚不知名的“候选人”现身榜单。图拉州州长阿列克谢·久明就是其中之一,这位普京总统的前保镖排名第三。作为一名长期在军事情报部门任职的官员,久明的政治生涯才刚刚起步,去年被擢升为图拉州州长,而提拔他担任该职的正是普京。巧合的是,上世纪90年代末,在时任总统叶利钦的举荐下,普京本人的仕途也是从安全部门开始。久明现在才44岁,前途未可限量。

第四位候选人是国防部长绍伊古,这是一个更为传统的人选。在过去6年里,这位62岁的政治家的地位不断攀升。国家民调机构把他列为俄罗斯最受欢迎的部长。本月初,普京在西伯利亚度假,正是由绍伊古陪同。普京此次休假之旅和去年与梅德韦杰夫同行的那次有所不同,展示了普京对绍伊古的信任。

在女性候选人中,排名最高的是俄罗斯联邦委员会(议会上院)主席瓦莲京娜·马特维延科。联邦委员会主席是俄罗斯排名第三的权力人物,仅次于总统和总理。瓦莲京娜·马特维延科打破了俄国内政治的性别“天花板”,她曾担任过驻外大使、圣彼得堡首位女市长。在所有候选人中,她资历最老,以68岁的“高龄”傲视众人,甚至比普京还年长。

排名第六的是普京顾问、前财长库德林,他也是普京权力“核心圈”的成员之一,目前在金融和经济事务方面帮普京出谋划策。近年来,俄罗斯惨遭西方制裁,库德林却建议普京不要与西方闹僵,其凭借冷静的头脑和判断力,被普京视为最信任的经济顾问之一。

在这份名单上,还有一些外界耳熟能详的政治人物。比如第九名是俄罗斯国家杜马(议会下院)主席沃洛金。沃洛金曾是克里姆林宫办公厅副主任。去年,普京推荐其出任新一届国家杜马主席。俄罗斯副总理谢钦排名第十。谢钦曾是俄罗斯国有石油公司CEO,也是普京最密切的同盟之一。

此外,车臣“强人”卡德罗夫(排名13)和反对派领导人、克里姆林宫的批评者纳瓦尔内(排名18)也榜上有名。

不过,对于这份名单,“彼得堡政治”负责人米哈伊尔·维诺格拉多夫表示,不应该将名单上的人视为2018年大选的潜在候选人,而应该理解为,他们更有希望在大选之后获得一些关键职位的任命。有分析称,普京本人预计会在今年9月俄罗斯地方选举前宣布是否参选,以便向选民传递明确信息。(记者 廖勤)

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