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新华社伦敦8月23日电(记者张家伟)英国爱丁堡大学发布的一项研究显示,该校研究人员与欧洲同行合作发现了控制一种特定免疫细胞过度反应的机制,未来可基于这一成果开发出慢性肺炎的新疗法。
中性粒细胞是一种免疫细胞,具有趋化作用和吞噬功能。病原体在局部引发感染时,它们可迅速穿越血管内皮细胞进入感染部位,对入侵的病原体发挥吞噬杀伤和清除作用。它们借糖代谢获得能量,因此在肿胀并血流不畅的缺氧环境下仍能生存。
爱丁堡大学等机构的研究人员发现,当体内缺乏对氧敏感的蛋白脯氨酸羟化酶2时,中性粒细胞会对肺炎链球菌感染过度反应,进而引发炎症损伤肺脏。动物实验显示,如果能够阻止中性粒细胞利用糖代谢获取能量,就能逆转这种过度反应。
这一发现对深入了解那些慢性肺炎病人的病情发展非常重要,他们体内的含氧量往往相对偏低。相关报告已刊登在美国《临床检查杂志》上。
报告作者、爱丁堡大学教授莎拉·沃姆斯利指出,许多慢性炎症都没有有效治疗方法。未来医学界需要进一步研究如何利用葡萄糖来调控中性粒细胞及相关炎症反应,以帮助找到针对慢性肺炎等慢性炎症的有效疗法。
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