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印度火车事故频发暴露管理漏洞

2017-08-22 06:35:28   央广网

截至8月21日,印度北方邦火车脱轨事故中的死亡人数已升至24人,另有156人伤势严重。目前该事故的原因已基本查明,系轨道维护方与车站管理调度方沟通不力,致使列车高速通过正处维修阶段的道轨,造成6节车厢脱轨。

8月19日晚,一列14节编组的火车从印度东部奥里萨邦普瑞市开往北部圣城哈里多瓦,在新德里以东约100公里处脱轨,造成重大人员伤亡。据《印度时报》20日报道,事故系铁道员工疏忽大意所致,事发时当地铁路员工正在进行“不规范”的铁道保养,并未采取举红旗或信号灯等任何限速措施。有铁路官员称,事故发生时火车时速约106公里,而一般通过路轨保养地段的时速应限制在10公里至15公里。

印度铁道部数据称,过去5年印度共发生586起铁路事故,其中53%为火车脱轨。脱轨事故的直接原因多为年久失修、养护不当造成的铁轨断裂。一位印度资深铁路官员称,国营的印度铁路公司可能是全球最繁忙的铁路公司,每天有2300万人搭乘1.2万次列车来往于印度各地,而混乱的铁路网管理及陈旧的铁路设备却无法保障“国家的生命线”。

另有参与事故调查的印度官员表示,此类“不规范”的铁道保养时有发生,受制于铁路运输压力及准点要求,护路工通常不能保证必要的限速措施。由于路轨维护密度高、强度大,重要的一级铁路线维护勉强能够维持,二、三级铁路线则往往疏于维护。2016年11月,二级线路上的“印多尔至巴特纳特快”曾发生脱轨事故,超过150人死亡。

事故发生后,印度总理莫迪表示哀悼,铁道部长苏瑞什·普拉布宣布将亲自督办针对事故的调查。目前包括印度铁路公司董事会成员在内的3名高官已被要求离职,4名被停职的地方铁路官员包括区域经理和资深轨道工程师。此间舆论认为,政府对此次事故的重视程度及处罚力度都很大,但具体的事故责任认定仍在确定中。

“印度新闻及每日分析”网站21日评论称,印度铁路系统从设备到管理再到人员素质需要全面升级,不然此类事故将会一再发生。印度社会已经无法容忍频发的铁路事故,政府需要推出切实有效的改革措施,避免这样的悲剧重演。

(本报新德里8月21日电)

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