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巴黎公共单车的亮色与暗影

2017-08-21 04:31:23   光明网

  【特别关注·绿色出行】

光明日报驻巴黎记者 黄昊

  编者按

  近年来,充满创新智慧、倡导绿色出行的共享单车风靡神州,并已开始走向海外市场。在小小单车上,浓缩了世界文明的互鉴之美。中国智慧正在越来越广泛地造福世界,而中国智慧同样建立在借鉴吸收世界各国文明成果的基础之上。在尚未引入中国共享单车的法国巴黎,其公共自行车租赁系统运转多年,在管理维护上经验丰富,对于国内共享单车管理上的种种难题,有一定借鉴价值。展望未来,了解巴黎公共单车的经验与教训,也是中国共享单车进一步走向海外拓展市场的有益一课。

图为游客骑单车游览塞纳河景。 资料图片

图为巴黎公共单车租赁站。资料图片

图为被抛入塞纳河中的公共单车。资料图片

  企业投资 政府监督

自1974年起,法国就已经出现公用自行车的身影。那一处,法国西部港口城市拉罗谢尔政府在市内投放了一批自行车,完全免费供市民使用。时至今日,法国最为出名也最成功的案例则要数2007年投入运营的巴黎“Vélib’”公共自行车租赁系统。

“Vélib’”,是法语“Vélos en libre-service”的缩写,但从字面翻译过来是“自助自行车”的意思。在2007年投入运营伊始,巴黎市政府在市区内就修建了750个自行车自助租赁站,共投放了7000辆自行车。2016年巴黎市内的公共单车总数已经达到了18200辆,租赁站的数量也突破1200个,基本能够保证在市区内任意地点的方圆300米内肯定能够找到一处租赁站。除了小巴黎以外,在大巴黎区内的29个城镇,巴黎市政府还投放了超过4000辆公共单车以方便市民出行。

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