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专访:金砖国家在完善全球治理改革方面的作用有目共睹——访俄罗斯战略研究所经济研究中心副主任卡拉塔耶夫

2017-08-14 10:36:38   新华网

新华社莫斯科8月14日电 专访:金砖国家在完善全球治理改革方面的作用有目共睹——访俄罗斯战略研究所经济研究中心副主任卡拉塔耶夫

新华社记者 安晓萌

金砖合作进入第二个“金色十年”后的首次峰会将于9月在中国厦门举行。俄罗斯战略研究所经济研究中心副主任卡拉塔耶夫近日接受新华社记者专访时说,金砖国家对于全球治理改革所起到的作用有目共睹,将成为落实推动国际金融体系改革和保持经济稳定发展等具体方案的中心。

他说,2008年国际金融危机后,金砖国家主张国际货币基金组织和世界银行等主要国际金融组织进行改革,致力于加强发展中经济体在这些机构方针和议程中的影响,并保证它们在这些机构中的参与度与它们在全球经济中所占份额相称。

目前,发展中经济体在国际货币基金组织和世界银行中的改革投票权比重都有所提升,这得益于金砖机制的出现和有效工作。

卡拉塔耶夫说,金砖国家从2010年开始一步步实现自己的倡议。建立金砖国家外汇储备库、成立金砖国家新开发银行,以及正在讨论的筹建联合评级机构,以打破西方几大评级机构的垄断,金砖国家财长今年还商定成立主权债券基金。

他说,金砖国家的成绩证明其发展策略的合理。例如,金砖国家新开发银行近两年的发展超出最初预期,已经成为一个能充分发挥能动性的发展机制,去年批准的贷款项目规模达到15亿美元。金砖国家将基础设施项目合作列为优先任务也得到世界银行和其他主要区域性银行的认同。

就中国提出的“一带一路”倡议,卡拉塔耶夫说,这一倡议给中国和俄罗斯带来非常实际的成果,并且“一带一路”在简化贸易、服务和资本流动程序方面的提议与金砖国家正在讨论的一些议题不谋而合,因此,“一带一路”一方面成为落实金砖国家提议的平台,同时也成为有效落实具体协议、扩大经济协作可能性的典范。

另外,卡拉塔耶夫说,目前二十国集团讨论问题首先借鉴的是西方国家专家的研究结果。他建议,金砖国家可以以5国专家的共同研究为基础,就二十国集团框架下所讨论的问题统一立场。另外,加强与其他发展中国家的对话和协作也是金砖国家的发展方向之一。

卡拉塔耶夫表示,与其他发展中国家建立更广泛伙伴关系,落实“金砖+”模式,可使金砖5国和更多伙伴国家的双边、多边贸易及相互投资更加富有成效。

“采取相互匹配的综合性发展措施,可促使金砖国家和参与‘金砖+’合作的国家在共同发展道路上取得积极成果。实现政治合作、国家经济战略对接和深化人文交流是金砖5国及伙伴国家的长期规划目标,确定‘金砖+’的规模及其机制建立步骤、运作规则将是金砖国家的近期任务。”卡拉塔耶夫说。

他还表示,发达国家加强贸易保护主义和不确定的经济政策决定了金砖国家有必要扩大成员国间合作。为了共促经济增长,金砖国家应研究应对当前经济挑战和确保经济长久稳定发展的方案。另外,有必要加强金砖国家在联合国、二十国集团、世界贸易组织等国际平台的协作。

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