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72小时无凶杀案 美国巴尔的摩的小目标

2017-08-06 12:02:55   新华网

新华社美国巴尔的摩8月5日电 特写:72小时无凶杀案 美国巴尔的摩的小目标

新华社记者刘阳

美国马里兰州巴尔的摩市,距华盛顿仅60公里。外人无法想象,这座紧靠美国政治中枢的城市,却是凶杀案频发的“战场”。这里的民众为自己定下一个小目标:本月4日到6日这72小时内,希望他们的城市不发生凶杀案。

“美国是地球上最暴力的地方之一了。”45岁的非洲裔居民埃丽卡·布里奇福德向记者感叹。

在巴尔的摩的西马尔伯里区,沿街房屋破败,路灯、人行道年久失修,赤裸上身的年轻男子三三两两在阴影里抽烟聊天,空气中弥漫着大麻味儿。

“这里还不是巴尔的摩最乱的地方,再过几个路口的街区,我都不建议你们在街上走路。”埃丽卡说。

当地警方数据显示,2016年巴尔的摩市共有318人在暴力事件中遇害,该市也因此成为全美因暴力死亡人数最多的城市。今年,巴尔的摩治安继续恶化。在前7个月全市就有超过200人被杀,几乎每天都有人死于凶杀案。

“第一次见到谋杀,是我12岁时。我一个兄弟被打死,另一个兄弟被打伤后送到医院后也死了,”埃丽卡说,“我平均每年都要参加三四场葬礼,最严重时我曾一天参加过两场。”

埃丽卡对暴力深恶痛绝,她决定参与组织这场名为“巴尔的摩停火72小时”的活动,呼吁全城在本月4日到6日这三天停止暴力活动。

“谁也不杀谁”,是这次活动的口号,这句话,被印在宣传册、海报和T恤上,分发到各街区。埃丽卡和其他组织者希望,今年一年,至少在这三天之内,巴尔的摩民众能不再生活在恐惧之中。

这场活动在社交网站上已获得3000人支持,不少支持者还表示会参加这三天的集会、游行、祷告等活动。

“有的市民已对暴力事件麻木无感了,我们的活动就是想改变这一点。”活动志愿者欧贡告诉记者。

埃丽卡说,当她发起“巴尔的摩停火72小时”活动时,身边大多数人都表示支持,但有人持悲观态度,“他们认为我在做无谓的努力,倡议也不会达到目标。尽管如此,这些人还是为我加油”。

今年5月,曾有一场活动呼吁在母亲节周末“停火”,但在那个周末却有两人遇害,死者中甚至有一名不到20岁的女孩。

据统计,2008至2014年,巴尔的摩每年死于凶杀案的人数都在250人以下,2016年首度突破300人。尽管凶杀案数量显著提升,当地警方抓捕嫌疑人的数量却在不断下降。

枪支和毒品泛滥,无疑也为这座城市犯罪率居高不下推波助澜。

欧贡说,他十几岁时,要是与其他人发生纠纷,还会去找父亲或叔叔出面用言语、对话解决,“现在,甚至13岁的小孩都能随随便便搞到枪”。欧贡担心的是,遇到纠纷,巴尔的摩的青少年开始倾向用手里的枪来解决。

“(暴力泛滥的)更深层次原因,在于美国的文化以及美国社会对底层民众的压迫,”埃丽卡说,“美国的流行文化含有大量的暴力因素。”

“从社会角度来看,美国上层社会压迫下层社会,下层民众只能用暴力来为自己争取利益,”她说,“我们只能一次又一次地尝试,才能让事情改变。”

希望这一次,埃丽卡和巴尔的摩市民的小目标能够得以实现。

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