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芬兰将打造超级地下核废料库 储存时间可长达10万年

2017-08-04 12:41:03   中国网

据美国全国广播公司财经频道8月3日报道,芬兰奥尔基卢奥托岛将使用迷宫般的地下隧道储存核废料,此举可能成为其他国家效仿的模板。

据世界核能协会的数据显示,芬兰目前拥有4座核反应堆,为其提供了近30%的电力。奥尔基卢奥托岛核电站3项目(Olkiluoto 3 project)将成为芬兰第五大核反应堆。芬兰能源公司-工业电力公司称,该核电站将于2018年年底开始正常生产,净发电量将达到1600兆瓦(MW)左右。

来自芬兰工业电力公司的尤哈·波伊科拉(Juha Poikola)受访时称:“奥尔基卢奥托岛核电站3的一个重大变化是它的规模很大。目前,世界上最大的发电厂的发电量大约是1500兆瓦,而奥尔基卢奥托岛核电站3的发电量是1600兆瓦,所以说它的规模很大”。

芬兰工业电力公司称,奥尔基卢奥托岛核电站3一旦完工,芬兰将“在电力生产实现自给自足方面取得长足进步”。

来自芬兰工业电力公司的安妮·涅米(Anne Niemi)称:“对于可操作性废物,如中低级废物,我们有一个地下仓库,位于基岩60米深处。对于核废料,我们有临时的防水储存仓库,并且奥尔基卢奥托岛核电站新建了一个地下核废料仓库,深度为400到450米。”

芬兰存储核废料的计划放眼于遥远的未来。该地下核废料仓库的设计考虑了地震、甚至是未来冰河时代的潜在影响,此外,铜制的巨大处理罐被用来储存基岩上的核废料,至少可储存10万年。

经济合作与发展组织核能机构的总干事威廉·马格伍德(William D. Magwood IV)表示,在芬兰发生的事“真是别国追随的标杆。他们取得了很大的进步,芬兰很有可能拥有世界上第一个运行的核废料仓库”。

目前,奥尔基卢奥托岛核电站3已接近运行,波伊科拉称:“奥尔基卢奥托岛核电站3目前正处于试运行阶段,核电站的试运行包括几个阶段,我们刚刚通过一个阶段,即压力测试”。

波伊科拉补充说:“我们检测发现主电路——核电站非常重要的一部分——是很紧密的,压力测试中没有出现任何泄漏,不过这只是试运行的一个步骤”。在奥尔基卢奥托岛核电站3开始生产电力之前还有很多事情要做。(实习编译:苟孟影审稿:谭利娅)

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