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福建村民荷兰追讨肉身坐佛 首场听证将有何交锋?

2017-07-12 22:22:46   新华社

原标题:记者调查:“章公祖师”荷兰诉讼首场听证将有何交锋

新华社海牙7月12日电新华社记者刘芳杨昕怡

中国福建村民向荷兰藏家追索章公祖师肉身坐佛像的诉讼案将于14日在荷兰举行首场法庭听证会,控辩双方将首次对簿公堂。

原告律师及法律专家指出,中国村委会能不能在荷兰法庭打官司、荷兰藏家所称“佛像已被转手”是否合法有效等争议,将是直接影响本案是否能在荷兰被受理的程序性问题。

此外,章公祖师肉身是不是荷兰法律定义上的“尸体”及应否产生所有权、荷兰藏家所购佛像与阳春村被盗佛像是不是同一尊佛像、荷兰藏家是不是善意取得佛像等争议,也可能成为双方交锋点。

中国村委会能不能在荷兰打官司

2016年5月底,福建省三明市大田县吴山乡阳春村和东埔村村民委员会委托中荷律师团向荷兰法庭提交起诉状,要求法庭判决荷兰藏家奥斯卡·范奥维利姆将其所持章公祖师肉身像归还阳春村普照堂。

在今年1月提交的应诉答辩状中,被告范奥维利姆称,“阳春村和东埔村村委会不是荷兰《民事诉讼法典》条款定义的自然人或法人,不可被认定为具有法律人格的有效实体”,因此“原告诉讼请求应被判决不予受理”。

针对被告这一主张,原告向法庭补充提交相关说明文件说,根据中国法律规定,村民委员会有权依据法律或接受本村村民委托作为当事人参与诉讼。在实践中,有大量诉讼案例系村民委员会作为原告或被告参与其中。

中荷律师团的荷兰籍律师扬·霍尔特赫伊斯告诉记者,荷兰法官可能并不了解中国法律对村委会诉讼主体资格、特别法人资格的规定,原告方将就此展开陈述。这是法官裁定案件是否可受理的一个关键问题。

中国政法大学国际法学院副院长霍政欣教授告诉记者,依据荷兰法律和司法判例,既非自然人亦非法人的“劳资协议会”及普通合伙关系等,也能在荷兰法院提起民事诉讼,享有诉讼主体资格。判定诉讼主体资格的关键,在于考察原告是否具有诉讼利益。

霍政欣说,根据荷兰相关法案,“在认定此案诉讼主体资格时,荷兰法院不仅要依据荷兰法律,也要参考中国的法律法规;而依据中国法律,村民委员会具有作为原告的诉讼主体资格,这毫无疑问”。

“佛像被转手”是不是“欺诈性转让”

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