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中东四国向卡塔尔发“整改清单”:关闭半岛电视台

2017-06-24 05:52:19   环球时报

原标题:关闭半岛电视台、限制对伊关系,中东四国向卡塔尔发“整改清单”

【环球时报驻埃及特派记者韩晓明】据美联社23日报道,沙特、阿联酋、埃及和巴林四国日前向卡塔尔提出了13项要求,包括关闭半岛电视台、限制与伊朗的联系等,并限期其10天接受,以缓解断交危机。但舆论普遍认为卡塔尔全盘接受的可能性较小。

该份清单用阿拉伯文字书写,题为《对卡塔尔的共同要求》,由作为中间调停人的科威特代表上述四国递交给卡塔尔。清单共13项要求,其中特别引人关注的第3第4条明确要求卡塔尔“关闭半岛电视台及其附属频道”“停止直接或间接资助包括Arabi21、Rassd、中东眼等新闻机构”。

除此之外,清单主要集中在切断卡塔尔与伊朗和“恐怖组织”之间的联系上。清单要求卡塔尔限制与伊朗的关系,关闭设在伊朗的外交机构,驱逐伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队成员,切断与伊朗的军事合作,只允许与伊朗保持符合美国和国际制裁的商贸往来;切断跟“恐怖组织”的一切联系,特别是穆斯林兄弟会、“伊斯兰国”、“基地”组织和黎巴嫩真主党,并正式宣布这些组织为恐怖组织;立即终止土耳其在卡塔尔的驻军,停止在卡塔尔境内跟土耳其的任何军事合作;停止向被这四个国家以及美国等国家认定为恐怖分子的任何个人、团体和机构提供资金;切断与上述四国政治反对派的所有接触,提交过往与反对派团体联系的详细文件。除此之外,清单还要求卡塔尔做出经济补偿——赔偿因卡塔尔近年来政策造成的生命和财产损失,金额待定等。最后一条要求卡塔尔在10天内接受上述要求,否则清单无效,但是没有说明卡塔尔拒绝的后果。

目前,提出这一清单的幕后国家和卡塔尔均未立刻做出回应。不过,清单的部分内容显然不会被卡塔尔方面接受。6月5日,沙特、阿联酋、巴林和埃及,断绝了与卡塔尔的外交关系,并表示卡塔尔资助该地区的恐怖主义。卡塔尔曾反复重申,如果四国能列出具体清单,它已准备好就让步开展磋商。但卡塔尔外交大臣穆罕默德此前表示,卡塔尔不会讨论“内政”问题,磋商仅限于涉及“集体安全”的要求,称卡塔尔不会接受“外国的命令”,拒绝任何涉及半岛电视台的讨论。美国国务卿蒂勒森本月初也曾表示,希望清单要求“合理、可行”。

《纽约时报》报道称,伦敦皇家联合军种防务研究所研究员斯蒂芬分析认为,以目前的清单要求,双方几乎不可能达成协议以化解断交危机。他表示,降级与伊朗的外交关系会影响两国在波斯湾的油气开发;关闭土耳其在卡塔尔的军事基地违反两国长期的外交协议;半岛电视台是卡塔尔在国际和区域政治中发声的重要渠道,卡塔尔不会放弃。“这将是对主权的侵犯,卡塔尔不可能接受。”他说。

美国全国公共广播电台23日称,沙特领导的几个国家要求卡塔尔关闭半岛电视台以及限制与伊朗的关系。这意味着卡塔尔面临着中东地区邻国的新一轮孤立。英国广播公司23日称,13条要求清单对卡塔尔是一种侮辱。中东危机的风险随着13条要求的宣布而陡然上升。如果在清单问题上没有商量的余地,结果无非两个:卡塔尔无条件投降,重回海湾国家怀抱,但国家形象受损;或者卡塔尔顽强不屈,被撵出海湾国家组织,成为伊朗的附属盟友。

据土耳其NTV电视台23日报道,对于其中涉及土耳其的内容,土耳其国防部长厄舍克当天表示,若有此类要求,将是对土耳其与卡塔尔关系的干涉,土耳其在卡塔尔的军事基地是海湾地区安全的保障,土耳其不会关闭该基地。同一天,伊朗首席核谈判代表萨利希警告美国,不要支持沙特破坏地区平衡。

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