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大地震、全球变暖让珠峰“变矮”?尼泊尔要重新测量

2017-06-22 06:51:24   环球时报

原标题:大地震、全球变暖削减珠峰实际“身高”?尼泊尔准备重新测量

【环球时报综合报道】珠穆朗玛峰现在有多高?据CNN21日报道,学界认为,2015年的尼泊尔大地震、全球变暖造成的峰顶融雪等系列因素均会削减珠峰的实际海拔高度。为了重新给出准确数据,尼泊尔一支科考队伍踏上了一场漫长征途,预计在两年内完成珠峰的再测量工作。

经尼泊尔政府部门证实,测量珠峰的前期工作日前已经展开:专家团队目前在海拔1500米的尼泊尔乌达亚布县辖区进行准备工作,测量作业将在7月中旬正式展开。目前,工作团队还在对外招募中,队内将汇聚国内外知名的测绘专家。

CNN称,为保证测量结果的精确度,团队将采用3种不同的测量方法:除了传统的水准测量和重力测量外,全球定位系统(GPS)将在此次作业中扮演关键角色。从山脚位置起、一直到山巅,团队每隔两公里就要设置一处数据收集点、并安置GPS信号接收器,每个数据点的测算结果将精确到毫米。尼泊尔政府为此次测算投入了充足的资金——整个测绘作业或将花费1.4亿尼泊尔卢比(约合人民币920万元)。

尼泊尔《加德满都邮报》称,尼当局早在2012年就曾准备对珠峰进行重新测量,但由于种种原因未能实现。除了珠峰“身高”可能发生的变化外,另一个争议点在于峰顶处的一道著名景观——“希拉里台阶”是否仍然存在。前不久,一名英国登山者声称这道景观已被地震损毁,但这种说法几乎立刻遭到当地夏尔巴人的反驳——后者称,它只是被积雪覆盖住了。

自1856年起,珠穆朗玛峰的海拔高度曾多次得到测量,但珠峰“身高”的确切数字长期以来一直受到争议。目前,国际普遍认可的8848米高度,是印度1955年的测量结果。BBC称,由于测算标准不同,尼泊尔和中国就珠峰高度曾长期各执一词:中方认为,珠峰高度应以岩体高度为准,也就是8844米;而尼方则认为应该算上峰顶数米积雪的厚度,总高度应为8848米。直到2010年,两国才互相承认对方的算法依据。(刘皓然)

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