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巴菲特或可因税改坐收几百亿美元

2017-04-28 03:51:07   

原标题:白宫公布税改原则 巴菲特可坐收几百亿美元

每经记者 黄修眉 蔡鼎

美国东部时间4月26日,美国白宫公布了税制改革方案的主要原则,为白宫今后与国会商讨具体的税改细节定下大致框架。根据计划纲要,白宫拟将美国企业所得税税率从35%削减为15%,若方案通过,美国企业税税率将从全球最高之一变成全球最低之一。此外,白宫拟将个人所得税税率由七档调整为35%、25%、10%三档并将基本抵扣额翻一番。

不过,由于当天公布的内容仅为税改的纲领性原则,而且与特朗普在其竞选期间提出的方案类似,美国股市在税改原则公布之后全面收跌。这表明市场对特朗普税改能否获得国会认可和如愿提振经济并不乐观。此外,有机构预测,白宫的税改将在未来十年一共减税5.5万亿美元,这需要美国经济在未来十年内保持4.5%左右的增长。由于目前美国政府债务高企,而特朗普的计划中缺乏财政收入的“开源”项,因此这种大规模减税可能威胁美国经济增长。

或反过来威胁经济增长

在当天举行的新闻发布会上,美国财政部长史蒂文·姆努钦和白宫首席经济学顾问、白宫国家经济委员会主任加里·科恩公布了上述减税计划纲要,并称之为“核心原则”,将据此与国会共同起草一份可以通过的议案。

根据外媒报道,上述税改计划重点大致如下:1、将个人所得税率从七档减至三档,税率分别为10%、25%以及35%,标准扣除金额翻倍,有孩子的家庭也将享受税务减免;2、计划将公司税率从35%大幅下调至15%;3、对于美国公司在海外持有的数万亿美元将征收“一次性税”,同时推动“属地制”征税原则;4、取消遗产税。

美国财政部长史蒂文·姆努钦当天在白宫新闻发布会上说,税改的核心原则是让企业税更具竞争力,让美国企业将海外利润投资美国创造就业,同时通过大幅简化个人税制为中产阶级减税。他说,这些原则是不容商榷的。

不过也有分析机构指出,特朗普政府的税改原则缺乏提高财政收入的措施,可能导致美国财政赤字进一步上扬。

《每日经济新闻》记者注意到,美国智库“争取制定负责的联邦预算委员会”(CRFD)估计,白宫的税改将在未来十年一共减税5.5万亿美元。但由于方案中缺乏财政收入的“开源”项,这种大规模的减税将进一步推高联邦债务,威胁经济增长。如果税改方案执行,到2027年,美国联邦政府债务占GDP的比重将从现在77%的历史高位进一步升至111%。

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