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印尼“霍比特人”可能源自非洲而非爪哇

2017-04-22 21:16:54   新华社

原标题:印尼“霍比特人”可能源自非洲而非爪哇

新华社堪培拉4月22日电(记者徐海静) 电影《魔戒》中有一种小矮人“霍比特人”,而在印度尼西亚真发现过一种小型人类“弗洛勒斯人”的化石。对于这种小矮人的来源,一项最新研究说并非如过去认为那样源自邻近的爪哇岛,而是源自非洲。

2003年,科研人员在印度尼西亚弗洛勒斯岛上发现了一种古人类的化石,后称为“弗洛勒斯人”。分析显示,他们身材矮小,成人身高也只有110厘米左右,因此又被称为“霍比特人”。他们在弗洛勒斯岛上的生活痕迹持续到约5.4万年前,但对于他们从哪里来,科学界还没有定论。

澳大利亚国立大学的研究人员和国际同行在新一期英国《人类进化杂志》上报告说,他们对弗洛勒斯人骨骼化石进行了仔细分析,与过去相关研究集中关注头骨和下颚骨相比,新研究使用了还包含臂骨、肩骨、腿骨等部位的133个数据点。

这项研究的结论是,弗洛勒斯人不像过去一些研究认为的那样由爪哇岛的直立人进化而来,而更可能是非洲能人的近亲。能人是曾生活在非洲的一种古人类,有研究认为其生活时代在210万年前到150万年前之间。

参与研究的黛比·阿格博士举例说,弗洛勒斯人的下颚结构比爪哇岛的直立人更为原始,如果说前者是后者进化而来,则从逻辑上无法解释这种倒退。

数据分析显示,在人类进化树上,弗洛勒斯人这一支可能在175万年前出现在非洲,这说明他们跟那个时候生活在非洲的能人可能是近亲。

现在地球上人类的学名是智人,对于弗洛勒斯人与智人的关系,研究人员说,可以接近100%地确定弗洛勒斯人并非畸形的智人。(完)

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