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安理会决议向南苏丹增派4000维和部队 中俄投弃权票

2016-08-13 19:01:47   澎湃新闻网 作者:高行

半岛台报道称,最早在下周,联合国将向南苏丹派出一个评估组,为建立“区域保护部队”做预先准备。

原标题:安理会决议向南苏丹增派4000维和部队,中俄投弃权票

据卡塔尔半岛电视台报道,当地时间8月12日,联合国安理会以11票赞成,4票弃权通过由美国起草的2304号决议,决议表示,鉴于南苏丹国内目前的冲突有可能让该国倒退回全面内战的状态中去,安理会决定将驻南苏丹当地联合国维和行动(PKO)的兵员数量增至17000人,这意味着从周边国家增派约4000人的“区域保护部队”。弃权的4国分别为中国、俄罗斯、埃及和委内瑞拉。

中国外交部网站12日刊发了中国常驻联合国代表刘结一在表决后的发言,对弃权予以了解释。刘结一表示,在南苏丹问题上,中方立场的出发点是尽快恢复南苏丹和平与稳定,缓解南苏丹局势对地区国家造成的影响。

刘结一说,“区域保护部队”在部署过程中,应就相关具体问题同南苏丹过渡政府充分协商,得到南苏丹过渡政府同意与配合,并以真正有助于南苏丹和平稳定、有利于南过渡政府维护稳定的方式开展工作。只有如此,“区域保护部队”才能真正实现决议所规定的促进南苏丹和平稳定的部署目标,为南苏丹各方落实和平协议创造有利条件。但鉴于上述原则在决议中未得到充分反映,包括中方和一些非洲成员的有关修改意见未得到采纳,中方对安理会第2304号决议不得不投弃权票。

决议通过后,南苏丹常驻联合国代表阿库埃·博纳·马勒瓦勒(Akuei Bona Malwal)表示反对称,“没有考虑到南苏丹的想法,有违(有必要获得主要当事方同意的)PKO基本理念”。增派一事也有可能遭遇难关。南苏丹总统基尔通过发言人阿特尼(Ateny Wek Ateny)对路透社表示:“(安理会决定增兵一事)非常不幸,我们不打算配合这个决议,因为我们不会允许联合国‘接管’我们的国家。”

早在决议通过前的8月11日,苏丹政府发言人即表示,该决议将赋予联合国直接统治南苏丹的权力,将会“极大损害南苏丹主权”。

半岛台报道称,最早在下周,联合国将向南苏丹派出一个评估组,为建立“区域保护部队”做预先准备。报道称,这支保护部队的成员将来自南苏丹周边的非洲国家,而其主要任务是在南苏丹首都朱巴内外“促进和平与自由”,并保护朱巴机场。但阿特尼表示:“任何被称为‘区域保护部队’的军事力量都将不被接受。”

据联合国安理会官网消息,美国负责特别政治事务的大使普瑞斯曼(David Pressman)在表决后的发言中则表示,在安理会决议规定的限期内,如果南苏丹政府不改变阻扰联合国特派团的做法,将承担严重后果。共同社报道称,倘若确认南苏丹政府不配合,还将讨论武器禁运事宜。

报道称,南苏丹内战始于2013年,交战双方分别为以基尔为首的政府军和马查尔统帅的反政府武装。其中,基尔来自南苏丹第一大民族丁卡族,而马查尔则来自该国第二大民族努尔族。在经历残酷交火后,尽管双方曾于2015年8月达成过停火协议,马查尔被吸收进政府,成为第一副总统,但交火始终无法完全平息。就在上个月,南苏丹首都朱巴再次爆发武装冲突,造成大量死伤,一枚炮弹甚至落入联合国维和部队营区,导致中国籍维和战士杨树朋和李磊牺牲。目前,南苏丹内战已使该国约7万人逃离家园。

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