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菲前高官批西方妖魔化中国:加剧南海紧张的是菲律宾

2016-06-12 09:10:35   环球时报

原标题:吴士存:菲律宾有识之士的话马尼拉应当听

新当选的菲律宾第16任总统杜特尔特会如何处理与中国的南海争议?是否能为中菲关系带来转机?回顾中菲关系的发展历程,阿罗约执政时期是中菲关系发展的黄金时期,中菲越三国也曾于2005至2008年在南沙进行油气资源共同开发的前期地震勘探,开启了南海争议地区共同开发的成功先例。然而,自阿基诺三世上任后,中菲关系迅速下滑,尤其是在菲律宾单方面将中菲南海争议提交仲裁之后跌入低谷。

许多长期关注中菲关系的菲律宾政治家和学者都为中菲关系的倒退而忧心忡忡。最近,菲律宾外交部海事中心前秘书长阿尔韦托·埃恩科米恩达就公开表示,加剧南海局势紧张的正是菲律宾方面,而非西方媒体长期指责的中国。他说,中方一直试图和菲方谈判,但菲方一直没有回应。他批评西方在妖魔化中国,“第一个(在南海)填海造陆的是菲律宾。”菲前常驻联合国代表劳罗·巴哈和前外长罗萨里奥·马纳洛都呼吁政府尽快与中国就南海展开双边谈判, 罗萨里奥·马纳洛认为,菲律宾单方面提起南海仲裁的行为激怒了中国,致使南海局势恶化。菲律宾大学教授艾琳·巴维耶拉指出,双边对话才是中菲重建互信的正确途径,也只有通过双边对话和协商才能让中国看到菲律宾的诚意。菲律宾国防大学教授罗梅尔·班乐义也认为新总统应着力修复中菲关系。这些菲律宾有识之士的观点反映了菲学界和民间舆论对于改善中菲关系的迫切期待,和对中菲回归双边对话协商解决南海争议的强烈呼吁。

正是在阿基诺执政期间,菲律宾于2013年1月就南海问题单方面提起强制仲裁程序,从而导致中菲关系急转直下。阿基诺的此番不义之举不仅违背了中菲通过谈判协商解决争议的共识,而且根本无助于解决中菲两国在南海的争议,更对中菲关系产生了直接的负面影响。例如,在政治外交领域,中菲两国虽然保持了一定频率的领导人互访,但在其他各领域的高层次交流却濒于停滞。始于1991年的两国外交部门正式对话磋商机制共举行19次正式磋商,然而受“南海仲裁案”影响,两国之间的这种经常性外交对话却于2013年6月后被迫停止,迄今为止已经“搁置”长达3年之久;在经贸合作领域,中国近几年来对菲律宾投资总额在东盟内部所占的比重不升反降,目前仅维持在2%左右的比重,这也从一个侧面反映出菲律宾对华投资吸引力大不如前,如若这一势头继续发展下去,必将对中菲经贸合作产生严重的不利影响;在人文交流领域,两国民间交流互动更是出现明显倒退,大大削弱了两国合作的人文基础。有关数据显示,近3年来中国赴菲游客人数大幅减少,同比下降幅度达70%之多,呈现出“断崖式”下跌态势,中国也由菲律宾的最大外国游客来源国降为第四大外国游客来源国。可以说,中菲两国关系因为菲律宾提起的“南海仲裁案”所受到的负面影响是全方位、立体化、多层次的,已经危及到中菲两国战略性合作关系的建立。

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