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缅甸新总统吴廷觉正式宣誓就职 昂山素季身兼四部长

2016-03-31 04:53:50   环球时报

原标题:缅甸新总统吴廷觉正式宣誓就职 昂山素季身兼四部长

【环球时报综合报道】缅甸新总统吴廷觉30日正式宣誓就职,成为缅甸54年来第一位民选产生且没有军方背景的总统。备受瞩目的缅甸政治领袖昂山素季则在新政府中出任4个部长级职位。

据《缅甸时报》报道,缅甸新政府在30日完成宣誓就职,标志着自2015年11月大选以来、为期144天的过渡期正式结束。吴廷觉宣誓就职总统后,吴敏瑞和亨利班提育两人在议会宣誓就职副总统。随后,18位部长、9名宪法法院法官、5名联邦选举委员会委员共同宣誓就职。其中,全国民主联盟(民盟)领袖昂山素季出任外交部、教育部、总统府部、电力与能源部等四个部门的部长级职务。

“议会与新政府都是按照昂山素季领导的民盟政策来组建的。”新任总统吴廷觉在就职仪式上说:“我很高兴被联邦议会选举为总统,成为总统后,我将对联邦议会负责。”据路透社30日报道,吴廷觉正式宣誓就职后在议会发表简短演讲,重申了有关修改2008年宪法的立场。缅甸2008年通过的宪法确保了军方在该国政治中扮演举足轻重的地位。他在演讲中说:“新政府将实行民族和解与和平(政策),推动出台一部将为民主联盟铺路的宪法,并改善人民的生活水平。”他还说:“新政府将力图满足人民久违的政治期望。追求目标时,我们需保持耐心。”

英国《金融时报》30日称,缅甸新一届民选领导班子宣誓就职,为这个亚洲腹地的国家政治经济变革开启最新篇章。对于和这个国家一同成长的缅甸人来说,他们情绪高涨。28岁的全国民主联盟议员提尼亚达纳在任职仪式后对《卫报》记者说:“我昨天激动得整晚都没有睡着,新总统吴廷觉的演说代表着这个国家从来没有过的新变化。他承诺他将与昂山素季夫人一起领导这个国家。这对我们的国家来说是一个巨大的进步,和我们每个人未来的生活都息息相关。”同日,美国总统奥巴马对缅甸新总统的就职表示欢迎,称这是缅甸“非凡的一刻”。奥巴马称,他期待与吴廷觉的合作。

“新总统就任也意味着权力交接最终完成。”英国广播公司30日评论称,5年前,缅甸还是一个国际弃儿,千疮百孔,国家受到制裁,超过2000名政治犯被关押在监狱。如今,随着吴登盛将领导权移交给昂山素季和她的政党,缅甸变成一个百废待兴的国家。但可以预见,在缅甸的未来,军方仍然会扮演重要的角色。美国《华尔街日报》30日称,目前虽然民盟是议会中的多数党,但议会中仍有25%的席位是留给军方的,换言之,对于任何动议,军方都有否决权。

中国社科院亚太院副研究员杜继锋30日在接受《环球时报》记者采访时表示:“缅甸新政府面临着几大任务,第一是要发展经济,目前缅甸还是世界上最不发达国家之一。民盟要彰显执政能力,首要的就是提高人民生活水平。第二,保持缅甸国内的稳定。一方面是民盟要保持与军方和谐关系。虽然双方曾互相表达对合作关系的重视,但现实中仍有很多具体利益,可能会对双方关系发展造成干扰。二是解决国内少数民族问题,新政府需要解决如何继续与已签停火协议的民地武维持停火,以及如何使其他民地武加入谈判,参与到缅甸和平进程中来。第三,在对外关系上,新政府上台后应该还是稳定过去的对外关系格局,在此基础上再逐步做调整。”

对于昂山素季此次出任的4个部长级职位,杜继锋认为,这显然是经过了认真考虑。他表示,担任外长,昂山素季就可以借助个人魅力在国际上多多奔走,改善缅甸形象。另外,有了外长身份,她就可以进入国家安全委员会、进入最高权力中枢,从而更能把握政治导向。总统府部更是如此,昂山素季一直说自己要高于总统,因此要当总统的“大管家”,从后面“垂帘听政”。至于电力与能源部部长,因为缅甸的电力能源短缺,昂山素季应该是想负责解决这方面的问题。还有是教育部长,吴登盛之前的教育改革引发民众不满,示威屡有发生,现在还有示威学生在监狱,昂山素季肯定也想处理好前任留下的教育问题。总的来说,这几个都是维持国内稳定和发展的重点实权部门,昂山素季如果想做事,应该有比较充分的权力资源。当然,民盟和军方虽然会合作,但具体分权上可能还是会有不同看法。

【环球时报驻越南特约记者 白勉 环球时报记者 林鹏飞 任重】

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