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增强抑癌基因表达 中国团队设计抗癌新策略

2018-05-26 20:51:14   新华网

新华社华盛顿5月26日电(记者 周舟)新一期美国《科学·转化医学》杂志刊发中国科研人员的研究报告,介绍了一种抗癌新策略。他们利用新方法让可抑制癌症的基因得以充分表达,取得了阻止肿瘤发展和扩散的效果。

研究发现,KLF17、CDH1和LASS2这3种人体中可以抑制癌症的基因在多种肿瘤中不能充分表达,无法有效干预癌细胞的增殖和转移。南开大学药学院教授杨诚对新华社记者介绍说,这其中,一种“微RNA(核糖核酸)”的异常调节起到了“帮凶”作用,引发抑癌基因一起“沉默”。

为了消除这种“微RNA”的不良影响,研究人员设计出一种人工环状单链DNA(脱氧核糖核酸),可以像海绵一样将其吸附,从而“解放”了抑癌基因,让它们得以充分表达,起到应有效果。

研究表明,这种人工环状单链DNA对于肝癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌等普遍存在“微RNA”异常调节的肿瘤能起到较好的抑制效果,上述3种抑癌基因的表达都有所增强。动物实验还显示,这种疗法对正常细胞和实验鼠脏器没有明显毒性。

杨诚说,这种人工环状单链DNA的稳定性高,更易于直接投递进入细胞,可以较精确控制给药剂量和周期,类似化学药物。

研究人员说,传统的抗癌药物大多靶向单个癌细胞相关蛋白,而非抑癌基因。因此,这种增强抑癌基因表达的新方法具有较大临床意义。

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