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《当代青年群体婚恋观调查报告》发布:择偶最看重人品和性格

2018-05-22 13:51:04   新华网

新华网北京5月22日电(汪亚)5月21日,团中央“青年之声”发布《当代青年群体婚恋观调查报告》(以下简称“报告”),报告从“青年择偶观、恋爱观、婚姻观、生育观、婚恋伦理观以及对团组织开展的青年婚恋服务活动的看法”六个方面对青年婚恋观进行了分析,根据调研结果,提出进一步完善青年婚恋服务的具体建议。

据了解,2017年12月27日至2018年1月31日在团中央青年发展部指导下,团中央网络影视中心依托“青年之声”平台,在全国范围内开展《怎样让青年更幸福》青年群体婚恋观调查活动。以“19至35岁”人群为主进行了抽样调查,通过各级团组织渠道,依据科学抽样原则,在不同区域、不同领域的青年中发放调查问卷,最终获得有效问卷3082份。其中,男性占比42.96%,女性占比57.04%。单身青年占比51.52%,已婚青年占比26.51%,恋爱中的青年占比21.97%。84.33%的青年为大专以上(含大学)学历,硕士研究生及以上学历占10.29%。直辖市青年占14.11%,省会城市青年占12.07%。地级市或县级市青年占50.46%,乡镇村青年占23.36%。

调查发现,青年择偶更注重“内在的匹配度”,近七成青年择偶“愿等待不愿将就”。从整体上看,“人品”和“性格”是青年择偶时最为看重的两个方面。最看重人品的占比达84.9%,其次是性格,占比达71.22%。其次,50.15%的男性青年认为“相貌”较为重要,而54.89%的女性青年则更注重“能力”。此外,“健康”和“能力”也是男女青年都比较注重的方面。相对比传统观念中的“门当户对”,当代青年择偶呈现更加多元化特点,更注重“内在的匹配度”。

调查数据显示,青年对网恋以及婚恋网站、交友APP的认可度较低。在本次调查中,60.22%的青年认为“与陌生人网恋不靠谱”,25.41%的青年认为“抱着试一试的态度可以尝试网恋”,14.37%的青年认为“可以接受网恋”。在青年恋爱观方面,七成以上男性青年会主动追求爱情,女青年中主动追求的仅三成多。对于青年单身现象的原因,交际圈小、工作忙和不主动是受访者选择的三大主要原因。另有近半数青年表示,“不够积极主动,不知道该如何与异性相处”。

调查发现,青年普遍认为事业和家庭同等重要,家人“催婚”是青年单身期间最大的压力来源。在本次调查中,有81.47%的青年认为“事业和家庭都重要”;当代青年对工作和家庭都很看重,男性青年对家庭的重视度比女性青年略高。本次调查中,49.55%的青年表示单身期间感受到的最大压力来自于“家人”,其次是“社会舆论”,第三是“自我压力”。“催婚”已成为代际关系紧张的重要因素。在青年生育观方面,当代青年传统的生育观仍占主流地位,“二孩”政策深受青年欢迎。

根据本次调查显示,多数青年认为“夫妻和孩子生活在一起”的“传统家庭”是“最期待的家庭模式”,仅有6.26%的青年选择“丁克家庭”。可见,中国传统的生育观依然备受青年支持。在全面“二孩”的政策背景下,近六成青年表示希望生育2个小孩。此外,59.31%的青年表示婚后两年内要孩子。可见,青年的理想生育数量较高,生育期待值也较高。

报告对服务青年婚恋需求提出了具体政策建议,如开展多主题青年社交联谊活动,疏导单身青年心理压力,帮助青年树立正确的婚恋观;加大对青年进行性知识教育普及力度,帮助青年建立科学健康的两性观;提升网络婚恋服务的诚信度,营造健康良好的网络婚恋交友环境。

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