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历时六年改造 中国大戏院下月归来

2018-05-22 07:26:11   央广网

图为修缮后的中国大戏院。 人民视觉

有着88年历史的中国大戏院,位于上海繁华的南京路,历经6年改造,6月将“盛装”归来,并开启开幕演出季暨国际戏剧邀请展。

 既保留原汁原味,又要符合现代需要

始建于1930年的中国大戏院,具有深厚的历史和文化底蕴,曾是上海京剧“四大舞台”之一。厉慧良、马连良、梅兰芳、周信芳、孟小冬等众多京剧名角都曾在这里登台献艺,留下了一段段佳话。

作为上海黄浦区“一个中心五个集群”建设的重要引擎,其修缮改造引人关注。上海大光明文化(集团)有限公司董事长沈为民介绍,为了打造符合国际标准、国内一流、以综合戏剧演出为主的专业剧场,我们特邀英国专业剧场设计公司RHWL,与中方设计团队联合设计,从2012年开始,历经6年的精心打磨,如今修旧如初。

既要保留原汁原味,又要符合现代观众的需要,剧场修缮处处需要找到平衡点。参照上世纪30年代初建时的设计,剧场恢复三层观众厅的格局;根据保护建筑要求,保留外立面及主体结构,按历史原样恢复了外立面尖塔;同时,为满足现代剧场的使用要求,调整台口结构线,台塔高度抬升,在舞台前方新增升降乐池等。

老建筑修缮,难的是如何处理好文化遗产和当地居民的关系。中国科学院院士、同济大学教授郑时龄介绍,最困难的部分是结构设计和施工,由于剧场东侧已经变成居民楼,必须顾及周边居民以及附近地区的影响。为此,施工单位对噪音和粉尘进行了有效控制。“我们还给居民进行线路改造、房屋修缮等,争取得到他们的支持。”沈为民说。

在室内设计上,剧场采用了“风格性修复”的思路:正门大厅的大理石地坪上镶嵌着半幅太阳花三星图案,与建筑双塔正立面图案上下呼应,暗示着“中国大戏院”前身作为“三星大舞台”的历史文脉。各楼层休息厅的天花造型也延续了历史遗存的天花风格,营造着欧式古典的空间感。剧场观众厅穹顶,中心错落有致的两层共32瓣花瓣组成了一朵盛开的莲花,让观众处处感受剧场的历史。

汇聚名剧名家名团,培育中国原创

“造得漂亮,更要演得漂亮。”沈为民说,中国大戏院坚持“政府支持,企业主导,借助外力,市场运作”原则,根据自己的优势和特点,定位于以综合戏剧演出为主的中型专业剧场,与周边剧场形成错位竞争。

为此,中国大戏院聘请国家话剧院导演田沁鑫为艺术总监。在国内外,聘请艺术家作为剧场的艺术总监,也是十分流行的做法,有利于通过艺术家的社会影响力和艺术号召力整合资源,形成品牌。“我们要谨慎地对待这份文化遗产和文化滋养,让有文化、有传承、有故事的中国大戏院,传承创新、继往开来,在新时代焕发光芒。”田沁鑫说。

在今年6月—9月,中国大戏院将迎来开幕演出季暨国际戏剧邀请展,来自英国、法国、德国、美国、日本及中国等国家的19部精彩剧目将汇聚这里。

国外部分,可谓大师云集,包括由诺贝尔文学奖得主帕慕克小说改编的话剧《雪,覆盖下的真相》,意大利意象派导演罗密欧·卡斯特鲁奇的作品《不可自理的生活》等剧目。中国部分,有史依弘、作曲家金复载和指挥家王永吉打造的中国首部室内乐版京剧《霸王别姬》,王亚彬导演、编舞的舞剧《青衣》,田沁鑫编剧、导演的话剧《狂飙》等。演出期间,还有不少于20场的演后谈、演前导赏、艺术课堂、表演工作坊等衍生活动。

田沁鑫希望将中国大戏院打造成中国文化的传承地,中国原创戏剧的孵化地,国内外精彩剧目汇聚地,青年戏剧人的实践地。具体而言,为世界名团名剧提供平台,将德国、俄罗斯、日本、美国等名团名剧引进中国大戏院;为中国原创戏剧提供孵化之地,通过参与投资和孵化原创戏剧;为创新戏剧提供展示空间,创新戏曲演出,打造创新戏曲的展示基地。

在未来,中国大戏院将着力打造一年三个演出季,即“中国大戏院国际戏剧邀请展”“中国大戏院新人新剧邀请展”“中国大戏院创新戏曲邀请展”品牌,形成既有剧场演出又有作品出品的特色剧场,为中国大戏院在演艺市场树立自己的品牌形象。

田沁鑫说:“在剧目创作上,中国大戏院将推出为徐帆、胡歌、陈数等演员量身定做的剧目。在戏剧的人才培养上,与上海戏剧学院青年剧团建立战略合作关系,成为上戏青年剧团的实践基地,从产学研创等全方位提升中国原创话剧。”

《 人民日报 》( 2018年05月22日 12 版)

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