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中国网事:小岗村的四次红手印

2018-04-25 13:06:03    新华网

新华社合肥4月25日电(记者王圣志 刘美子 水金辰)红手印,这一中国农民质朴而坚决的表达,曾揭开了中国农村改革的序幕。

40年前,安徽凤阳小岗村村民为了治穷,第一次摁下“包产到户”的生死契约,而后又为挽留一位改革路上的带头人三次摁下红手印,让这片厚重的土地迸发出一个时代的传奇。

第一次红手印:一夜跨过温饱线

1978年一个冬夜,在安徽凤阳县小岗村一间低矮破旧的茅草屋里,18个衣衫褴褛的村民就着昏黄的油灯,酝酿着一件“可能会坐牢”的“惊天大事”。

“当时生产队饿死了60多个人,饿绝了6户。” 年逾七旬的小岗村村民严立华回忆说。他是小岗村“大包干”带头人之一。

40年前,小岗村是以“吃粮靠返销、用钱靠救济、生产靠贷款”而闻名的三靠村。经常闹饥荒,农民大多外出乞讨。

“一家妻儿老小,几天不烧锅。我父亲饿得下不来床,就想吃一口芋头干,但我弄不来。”“大包干”另一位带头人严宏昌噙着泪回忆道。

为了活命,18个村民摁下红手印,共同起誓,瞒上不瞒下,瞒外不瞒内,把田地分到各家,搞起了包产到户。

“哪怕坐牢,如果能亲眼看到他们吃上一顿饱饭,我认了。”“大包干”带头人之一的严俊昌说。

红手印一摁,土地就被寄予了最大的期许,这极大地释放了农民的生产积极性,一小块因“分地”而丰收的田地悄悄地出现在荒凉的大地上。

没有不透风的墙,1979年4月的一天,时任凤阳县委书记陈庭元到小岗村所在的梨园公社检查时,发现了这个“惊天秘密”。

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