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“消防无人机”研究国家队集结 有望突破高空灭火救援难题

2018-01-12 21:36:44   中国新闻网

中新网郑州1月12日电(记者 韩章云)高层建筑的消防救援一直是世界难题,随着无人机技术的不断进步,这一难题有望得到突破。1月12日,公安部消防局的一项名为“多轴旋翼无人机在灭火抢险救援领域中的应用”科研项目花落河南,该项目将由河南航空企业与公安部上海消防科研所、河南省公安消防总队一起,研制开发专门用于高层建筑消防救援的无人机及相关设备,实现高层建筑室外空间灭火技术的突破。

12日,“多轴旋翼无人机在灭火抢险救援领域中的应用”科研项目开题会议在河南省消防总队培训基地举行,来自公安部上海消防科研所、河南省公安消防总队、河南三和航空工业有限公司、河南猎鹰消防科技有限公司的科研人员、消防领域专家一起对课题的相关问题展开讨论和交流。

图为河南航空企业研发的消防无人机平台。 韩章云 摄

在我国,10层及10层以上或高度超过28m的钢筋混凝土结构称为高层建筑结构。当建筑高度超过100m时,称为超高层建筑。

来自消防部门的数据显示,全国现有高层建筑(超过24米)34.7万栋,百米以上超高层近6000栋,数量均为世界第一。近十年全国共发生高层建筑火灾3.1万起,死亡474人,直接财产损失15.6亿元。

与日益增长的高层建筑相比,高层建筑消防救援面临困境:消防水枪、水炮喷射高度小于50米;消防员负重登楼并救援的有效救援的高度极限是20层;消防登高车造价昂贵,救援高度受设备局限。目前,全球最高的登高平台消防车,也仅仅有113米的登高高度。

近年来,无人机虽已被用于消防救援工作,但也仅限于侦查或者拍摄,无人机真正用于消防灭火还是空白。

公安部专家组成员、高级工程师、该项目负责人张万民介绍说,此次公安部消防局的“消防无人机”项目将研制开发能够满足消防灭火及抢险救援用的大载荷旋翼无人机平台,包括50kg级燃油动力旋翼无人机(50kg级载荷、120m相对飞行高度)、100kg级大载荷燃油动力旋翼无人机(100kg级载荷、350m相对飞行高度),以及相配套的无人机灭火装置、抢险救援用挂载任务装置等等。

“项目将实现100m以上高层建筑空中控火灭火技术的突破,实现100m以下高层建筑不受周边场地影响的快速控火灭火,实现消防侦察及抢险救援无人机长距离物资器材输送和长时间滞空工作。”张万民如是说。

据河南三和航空工业有限公司总经理陶亮介绍,该公司已经研制出项目中所使用的第一款消防无人机平台。“这是国内外市场上首款超过100KG级载重的燃油动力多轴旋翼机,可以实现既能大载荷、长时间飞行又能精准控制的目的,目前已进入测试阶段。”

按照公安部消防局科研计划安排,该项目将于2019年完成相关产品定型、测试、标准制定、技术鉴定等工作,并完成项目验收。(完)

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