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北斗系统开通五年 成为国内销售智能手机标配

2017-12-28 08:35:50   中国青年网

北斗定位系统开通五年,服务两百余国家地区,救助渔民超万人次

北斗成为国内销售智能手机标配

在昨天举行的国新办新闻发布会上,北斗定位系统相关负责人表示,北斗系统已建成高精度时空信息云服务平台,推出全球首个支持北斗的加速辅助定位系统,服务覆盖200余个国家和地区,用户突破1亿,日服务达2亿次。北斗三号将于2018年底建成基本系统,2020年底建成世界一流的全球系统。

开通五年来,北斗定位系统服务水平稳中有升,系统建设进入全球时代,应用产业呈现快速发展,走出国门加速融入世界,成为代表中国的又一张闪亮名片。

组网:明年为“一带一路”沿线国家服务

今年11月初,我国“一箭双星”成功发射两颗北斗三号全球组网卫星。随着北斗三号陆续发射,从而拉开了北斗卫星导航系统全球组网序幕。根据计划,我国将于2018年前后完成18颗北斗卫星发射,率先为“一带一路”沿线国家提供基本服务。

我国北斗系统是按照“三步走”总体规划分步实施,形成突出区域、面向世界、富有特色的北斗卫星导航系统发展道路。第一步,2000年建成了北斗卫星导航试验系统,使中国成为世界上第三个拥有自主卫星导航系统的国家;第二步,建设北斗卫星导航系统,2012年底左右形成覆盖亚太大部分地区的服务能力;第三步,2020年左右,北斗卫星导航系统形成全球覆盖能力。中国卫星导航系统管理办公室主任、北斗卫星导航系统发言人冉承其表示,五年来,北斗系统连续稳定运行,相比2012年,定位精度由10米提升至6米。为增强系统稳健性,巩固空间星座,增加4颗备份卫星,2颗已发射入轨,另外2颗待命发射。我国已建设北斗地基增强系统,形成全国“一张网”,提供实时米级、分米级、厘米级和后处理毫米级等高精度定位服务。同时,建成全球连续监测评估系统,通过遍布全球的监测站,具备对北斗、GPS、格洛纳斯、伽利略四大系统实时监测评估能力。

11月5日发射成功的首批组网双星,目前卫星状况良好,信号播发正常,满足指标要求。据介绍,北斗三号继承了北斗特色,将短报文通信服务由区域拓展至全球,增加星间链路、星基增强、全球搜索救援等功能,播发性能更优的互操作导航信号,为全球提供高品质服务。突破上面级直接入轨、高精度星载原子钟、星座自主运行等关键技术,完成5颗试验星发射和技术验证,星载原子钟天稳定度达E-15量级,空间信号精度优于0.5米,定位精度2.5至5米,较北斗二号提升1至2倍,并同步开展了北斗星基增强系统建设,目前已完成系统演示验证。

运用:累计救助渔民超1万人次

五年前,国内没有一片国产北斗芯片。如今,我国已有一颗坚强的“北斗芯”。国产北斗芯片实现规模化应用,工艺由0.35微米提升到28纳米,最低单片价格仅6元人民币,性能、价格、体积、功耗均达到甚至优于国际同类产品。目前,国产北斗芯片累计销量突破5000万片,高精度OEM板和接收机天线已分别占国内市场份额30%和90%。

据介绍,五年前,国内基本使用国外卫星导航系统。如今,北斗已在公安、交通、渔业、电力、林业、减灾等行业得到广泛使用,融入各自业务系统;服务多省市智慧城市建设和社会治理,发挥显著的经济和社会效益。全国超过480万辆营运车辆安装北斗终端,建成了全球最大的车联网平台。全国4万余艘渔船安装北斗终端,累计救助渔民超过1万人次,被誉为渔民的海上保护神。基于北斗的高精度服务,已用于精细农业、危房监测、无人驾驶等领域。

北斗定位系统已成国内销售智能手机标配。共享单车配装北斗智能锁实现精细管理。支持北斗的手表、手环、学生卡等老人、儿童关爱产品,方便和保护人们日常生活。以北京为例,33500台出租车、21000台公交车安装北斗终端,实现北斗定位全覆盖;1500辆物流货车及19000名配送员,使用北斗终端和手环接入物流云平台,实现实时调度。

得益于北斗系统,国内卫星导航和位置服务产业取得了快速发展。目前已发布6版北斗公开服务信号接口控制文件和1版系统服务性能规范,从业企业已超过1万4千家,从业人员超过45万。

互联:与GPS实现兼容互操作

北斗是中国的,也是世界的。五年来,作为国家公共产品,北斗已成为代表中国的又一张闪亮名片,纳入“一带一路”倡议建设内容,成为政府间合作议题,北斗已走出国门,正加速融入世界。

12月下旬,中美双方签署《北斗与GPS信号兼容与互操作联合声明》,根据声明,两大卫星导航系统在国际电联框架下实现射频兼容,实现民用信号互操作,并将持续开展兼容与互操作合作,进一步促进世界卫星导航大家庭成员之间的合作。用户同时使用北斗和GPS民用信号,无需显著增加成本就可以享受到更好的服务。这标志着北斗和GPS在卫星导航系统的设计、建设方面,可以实现信号兼容使用,进一步提升导航定位精度,更好地服务全世界的用户。

同时,在中俄总理定期会晤委员会框架下成立卫星导航合作项委会,并成立中美、中欧卫星导航合作工作组。建成开通中俄卫星导航联合监测平台,与美、俄分别签署系统兼容与互操作联合声明,为多系统实现共赢、全球用户享受更加高效可靠服务做出了中国贡献。

记者 刘可

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