新闻 > 国内
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China

中国科学家发现一水稻基因在自然界发生变异,可增产15%!

2017-10-31 05:35:56   中国青年网

作为地球上最为重要的粮食作物之一,水稻的产量直接关系到地球近一半人口的温饱,不断增加水稻产量一直是很多农业科学家毕生的追求。

日前,中国科学家发现水稻的穗发育基因(FRIZZY PANICLE,FZP)在自然界中发生变异,可显著增加水稻每穗的粒数和轻微降低每粒的粒重,使水稻产量增加15%。

北京时间10月31日00:00,上述研究论文在国际学术期刊《自然》(

nature)的子刊《自然?植物》(

nature plants)在线发表。该研究来自华中农业大学生命科学技术学院教授邢永忠的研究小组。

邢永忠在接受澎湃新闻(www.thepaper.cn)采访时表示,水稻的穗发育基因(FRIZZY PANICLE,FZP)具有阻止腋芽分生组织形成并建立花分生组织的作用,水稻的产量和其密切相关。

邢永忠称,FZP是一个很重要的发育基因,其编码蛋白是不能改变的,若改变则水稻就无法结种。但是,可以通过控制FZP的表达量来控制水稻的产量。FZP的功能强,水稻粒子就变大,粒子数变少;FZP功能弱,水稻粒子就变小,粒子数就变多。

邢永忠称,每穗粒数、穗数和千粒重三个因素决定了水稻单亩产量,但是增加每穗粒数是增加产量的最有效途径。FZP的表达量变化恰好同时调控每穗粒数和千粒重的变化,如何优化FZP的表达量从而使二者关系最优化,从而使水稻产量最大化,是需要进一步研究的。

邢永忠研究小组就利用粒形差异显著的亲本川7和豪博卡构建的群体通过图位克隆(Map - based cloning,又称定位克隆),在亲本川7的FZP上游5.3kb处,发现一个18bp片段的转录沉默子发生复制,造成拷贝数变异(Copy number variation,CNV),名为CNV-18bp,使得亲本川7里有两个18bp片段串联在一起。

拷贝数(copy number)是指某基因在某一生物的基因组中的个数,单拷贝就是该基因在该生物基因组中只有一个,多则指有多个。拷贝数变异(Copy number variation,CNV)是由基因组发生重排而导致的,一般指长度为1kb以上的基因组大片段的拷贝数增加或者减少。

进一步的研究发现,转录抑制子OsBZR1结合CNV-18bp中的CGTG基因序列,从而抑制了FZP的表达。这种有两个18bp片段的FZP表达量比单个拷贝的要低,使得穗分枝时间更长,产生更多的种子,种子略微变小。该团队通过研究发现,有两个18bp片段的水稻千粒重大概减少了10%左右,每穗粒数增加40%-50%,穗数并无显著性差异,但水稻产量要比只有一个18bp片段的高15%。

事实上,绝大多数水稻中只有一个18bp片段,邢永忠团队检测了500多份材料发现,只有印度、孟加拉等东南亚地区的少数品种才有两个串联的18bp片段。邢永忠称,这种是在自然界中发生变异的。因此,可以利用分子标记辅助育种,使该优良等位基因在中国高产品种的改良中发挥巨大作用。

邢永忠对此很有信心,其所领导的小组正在利用该优良等位基因,对中国水稻骨干亲本加以改良。

展开全文
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China

热点新闻

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China
点击查看更多
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000159/20171031/31616086.html
Server: cms-8-251
Date: 2024/05/04 15:18:21

Powered by China
China