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厦大在英发布报告:今明两年中国经济结构不断优化

2017-10-29 12:35:56   央广网

央广网厦门10月29日消息(记者陈庚 通讯员李静)厦门大学宏观经济研究中心当地时间27日在英国牛津大学发布研究报告称,未来一年半,中国经济将继续保持“增长稳中趋缓、结构优化升级”的态势,以增速大幅反弹为特征的“经济新周期”出现的可能性极低。

这份报告是在当天厦门大学、新华社《经济参考报》与英国牛津大学联合主办的“中国宏观经济圆桌研讨会暨中国季度宏观经济模型(CQMM)2017年秋季预测发布会”上发布的。主要内容是今明两年中国宏观经济主要指标的预测及相关政策模拟结果,并提出政策建议。

  预测:今明两年中国经济增长“稳中趋缓”

课题组说,在假定今明两年货币政策保持“偏紧基调”的前提下,模型预测表明,今明两年中国经济将继续保持“增长稳中趋缓、结构优化升级”的态势。

具体说来,2017年中国经济增长率预计为6.80%,2018年中国经济增长率为6.65%。

课题组指出,这样的预测数据表明,今明两年中国经济仍处在增速“稳中趋缓”区间,以增速大幅反弹为特征的“经济新周期”出现的可能性极低。

至于与老百姓生活息息相关的通货膨胀水平,课题组表示“虽会有所提升,但仍处于温和可控范围内”。2017年CPI将上涨1.72%,涨幅比2016年下降0.29个百分点;2018年,随着工业品价格上涨的传递效应不断显现,预计CPI涨幅将提高至2.84%,接近3%的通胀警戒线。

  建议:降低金融风险的“六招”组合拳

课题组认为,防范和化解金融风险是当前中国经济健康发展的重中之重。

在今年的研究中,课题组注意到实体经济和政府部门的杠杆率高是实体经济发生系统性金融风险的“祸首”。杠杆率是衡量企业负债风险的一个指标,数值越高则负债风险越大。

在运用模型进行政策模拟后,课题组建议,应从政府、财税、财政、国有资产管理等多个角度综合施策,标本兼治。大体说来,有以下六招:各级政府应转变以保增长为中心的发展思路,逐步转向以公共服务与公共管理为中心,让市场做市场的事、政府做政府的事;尽快建立现代财税制度,形成地方政府和国企的预算硬约束;从制度上消除土地财政,建立地方政府稳定财政收入来源,用房产税取代土地财政;创新国有资产管理方式,实现从实物管理向资产管理过渡;合理控制货币总供应量,充分利用金融手段降低非金融国有企业的负债率;加大对影子银行的监管力度。

课题组说,“要防范和化解中国经济的系统性金融风险,必须从源头上做起,标本兼治。根本之策在于转变发展思路,调整结构,全面深化体制改革。”

这是该项研究成果的第23次发布,也是近年来继德国(2014)、日本(2015)、澳大利亚(2016)之后的又一次海外发布。该项研究基于厦门大学宏观经济研究中心2006年研制的“中国季度宏观经济模型(CQMM)”进行,经过多年发展,该模型已成为一个拥有55个行为方程、8个恒等式和72个变量的中等规模的宏观联立方程模型,是目前中国最有影响力的宏观经济预测模型。

当天的会上,还发布了《百位经济学家2017年中国宏观经济形势与政策问卷调查报告》。这一调查始于2013年8月,每年进行两次,与《中国宏观经济预测与分析报告》同步发布。迄今已发布了9次,产生了广泛影响。随后在主题为“宏观经济预测与政策有效性”的“2017年中国宏观经济圆桌研讨会”上,来自牛津大学、伦敦大学、厦门大学等高校的中英专家学者围绕该主题进行了深入交流和探讨。

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