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[砥砺奋进的5年]创新驱动牵引“中国号列车”全速前进

2017-10-11 19:41:53   

在无人超市“淘咖啡”,消费者无需掏出钱包、手机,仅仅靠“刷脸”就能轻松完成支付;ofo、摩拜等共享单车的出现,解决了“最后一公里”的出行难题;中国标准动车组“复兴号”在京沪高铁上跑出350公里的时速,北京和上海的往来时长又缩短了半个小时……这些发生在你我身边日新月异的新变化,正生动诠释着“创新让生活更美好”的意义。

随着“双创”生态环境逐步构建,更大范围、更高层次、更深程度的创业和创新正在蓄势,创新的“一池春水”已被激活。创业主体更加多元,创业模式更加多样,创业热情更加高涨。“创业服务正由政府为主转为市场发力,创业者已由小众走向大众,企业员工、海归人才和年轻大学生等,各类人群齐心协力使经济发展焕发新的生机。”科技部高新技术及产业化司副司长曹国英说。数据显示,我国发明专利申请量从2012年的53.5万件增长到2016年的120.5万件。

长期以来,我国创新能力不强,科技对经济社会发展的支撑能力不足,对经济增长的贡献率远低于发达国家水平。经济新常态下,要从根本上消除发展短板,关键要依靠科技创新转换发展动力、破解发展瓶颈,走出一条从人才强、科技强到产业强、经济强、国家强的发展路径。

党的十八大以来,我国以简政放权为突破口,瞄准制度上的“痛点”,打通难点,在全社会营造大胆创新、勇于创新、包容创新的良好氛围,推动经济转型、释放社会活力。社会投资和创业创新热情迸发。去年,全国全年新登记企业增长24.5%,平均每天新增1.5万户,各类市场主体每天新增4.5万户。

一大批企业不断探索创新模式,搭建各类创业平台,走在创新前列。华为在全球建立16个研究所(院)、36个联合创新中心和45个培训中心,到去年底累计获得专利授权62519件,累计申请中国专利57632件、外国专利39613件,其中90%以上为发明专利;中国移动实施“百万青年创业就业计划”,覆盖2000多所院校,建立104个实体孵化基地;腾讯在北京、上海、广州、武汉等多地布局了30个实体众创空间,仅3年时间就孵化上千家企业。此外,创新工场、企业加速器等新型孵化器也风生水起,线上线下结合,孵化投资结合,开放式的创新生态系统正浮出水面。

大学生积极投身创业创新。在国家创新创业政策的引导下,在校大学生的创业意愿日趋增强,创业能力不断提高,自觉、自愿、自发参与创新创业的氛围正在形成。“各个专业都有同学在创业。”毕业于中国地质大学、自主创办了一家果业公司的翁新强说,校园内学生创业氛围浓厚,暑假期间也可以看到创业者们为跑项目积极奔走。2016年,全国新登记注册大学生创业者已达61.5万人,行业遍及通信、零售、金融和农业等领域。

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