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我国三北地区已实现“绿进沙退”历史性转变

2017-10-11 19:11:53   

央广网银川10月11日消息(记者廉军)记者今天从三北工程精准治沙试点工作现场会上了解到,我国遭受风沙危害最严重的三北地区地区,自1978年建设三北防护林工程至今,近40年来,历经几代人坚持不懈的努力,取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就,实现了由“沙逼人退”到“绿进沙退”的重大历史性转变,为维护北方生态安全和推动生态文明建设作出了重要贡献。

据介绍,三北防护林工程改善了沙区生态状况,在东起黑龙江西至新疆的万里风沙线上,营造防风固沙林1.2亿亩,结束了沙化危害扩展加剧的历史。最新监测结果显示,三北地区沙化土地面积已由上世纪末年均扩展2460平方公里转变为目前年均缩减1297平方公里,实现了土地沙化连续10年净减少。重点治理区森林资源持续增加,植被覆盖率超过80%,生态状况实现了从严重恶化到整体遏制、局部大为好转的历史性转变。区域性防风固沙林体系基本形成,稳定并拓展了沙区人民的生存和发展空间。

三北防护林工程促进了沙区经济发展,为全面建成小康社会作出了突出贡献。近40年来,三北工程坚持把防沙治沙与发展农村经济、促进农民脱贫致富相结合,因地制宜培育了一批特色鲜明的资源基地,着力发展经济林、饲料、中药材、沙漠旅游等沙区特色产业,走出了一条生态与经济并重、治沙与治穷共赢的路子。新疆特色林果种植面积达2200万亩,年产干鲜果品700万吨,产值近500亿元,林果业收入占农民人均纯收入的25%以上。内蒙古大力发展沙生中药材种植、灌木饲料林基地等,实现沙产业产值466亿元。阿拉善盟近5年来引进48家企业、投资24亿元发展沙产业,建成了梭梭、白刺、黑果枸杞等23个种植养殖基地,从事沙产业的农牧民超过2万人,沙产业经营性收入占农牧民纯收入的40%左右。宁夏中卫市积极打造沙漠旅游品牌,培育出沙区新的经济增长点,年旅游收入40多亿元。

三北防护林工程还塑造了伟大的三北精神,为推动生态文明建设作出了突出贡献。三北工程开创了我国重点生态工程建设的先河,走出了一条在经济欠发达地区建设大型生态工程的成功之路。三北地区各族干部群众不等不靠,自力更生,铸造了以“艰苦奋斗、顽强拼搏、锲而不舍、开拓创新”为精髓的“三北精神”。“三北精神”与“塞罕坝精神”一脉相承,是中华民族优良传统与时代精神的凝聚与升华,是推进生态文明建设继往开来的强大精神动力。造就了石光银、王有德、牛玉琴、石述柱、殷玉珍等防沙治沙英雄,成为激励全社会投身治沙造林、建设美丽中国的时代楷模。三北工程也培育了山西右玉县、黑龙江拜泉县、陕西榆林市、内蒙古鄂尔多斯市等一大批生动诠释“绿水青山就是金山银山”的典型范例。

三北工程被国际上赞誉为“世界生态工程之最”,不仅是中国政府对外展示生态建设成就的标志性工程,而且也成为向世界讲好“中国防沙治沙故事”的重要窗口,先后有90多个国家的元首、政府官员、专家学者前来参观考察三北工程,都给予了高度评价。

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