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《中国环境空气质量管理评估报告(2017)》发布

2017-09-28 16:07:50   

央广网沈阳9月28日消息(记者徐志强)27日,由环保部宣教中心与清洁空气创新中心联合举办的第五届 “创蓝” 清洁空气媒体研讨班在北京举行,最新版《中国环境空气质量管理评估报告 (2017) 》发布。

《报告》由清洁空气创新中心联合该领域相关专家及各合作省市,应用“清洁空气管理指标体系”,以环境状况公报及其他公开数据为基础,从环境空气质量状况、污染物排放控制进展、环境空气质量管理进展、空气污染治理困难程度等角度全面梳理了中国大陆除西藏之外的30个省(区/市)2016年的表现。《报告》旨在助力全国各省(区/市)了解污染现状和治理挑战,分享先进案例,更好地推进环境空气质量改善工作。

《报告》指出,随着环保制度建设的完善和环保监管力度的加码,2016年我国各种污染物颗粒物污染总体改善,大部分省市提前实现“大气十条”的改善目标,但空气污染治理压力仍然较大,需要继续加强清洁空气科学化、精细化管理的创新。

《报告》分析了30个省(区/市)的污染数据后发现,在2016年,各地颗粒物污染总体有所改善,但超标情况仍然突出。PM2.5重点控制区域中的北京、天津、河北、山东、山西、上海、江苏、浙江、珠三角、重庆10个省(市)地区的平均降幅达7.8%,其中京津冀及周边地区在采暖期的PM2.5污染依然较为严重;在以PM10年均浓度下降为目标的省(市)中,安徽、四川、江西、广西、黑龙江、贵州和广东7个省已提前实现了2017年的下降目标,与此同时,山西、陕西、江西和新疆4个省(区)的PM10年均浓度相比2015年却不降反升;同时,三大重点区域的O3污染开始显现,京津冀及周边地区2016年近六成城市O3污染程度不降反升,“2+26”通道城市中仅9个城市达标。

而在污染物排放控制方面,《报告》认为各种污染物总体减排成果显著。SO2、NOX减排取得一定成效,NH3排放控制已逐渐引起重视,各项温室气体协同控制措施也取得较大进展。但VOCs排放总量仍然较大,并已成为我国大气污染防治的新重点。接下来需要重点突破的是进一步控制分散污染源(如散煤和“散乱污”企业)和机动车污染,并持续推进能源结构和产业结构的调整。国家发改委能源研究所姜克隽研究员指出,“未来的能源转型是非常迫切的,它对灰霾的防治起到了非常关键的作用”。

此外,《报告》从排污许可证、达标规划、重污染应急、环境执法、环境空气质量监测、京津冀联防联控、清洁取暖、经济政策、信息公开程度9个重点方向分析了国家和地方环境空气质量管理进展,并总结了相关先进案例。2016年中国在排污许可制、环境监测垂直管理等方面进行了改革,环保督查力度空前,出台多个环保经济新政,信息公开程度增大,但重污染应急管理、达标规划管理模式等仍需进一步改善。

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