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十大国家公园体制试点公布 实行最严格的保护

2017-09-27 04:27:52   

▲三江源国家公园体制试点 大熊猫国家公园体制试点 神农架国家公园体制试点 东北虎豹国家公园体制试点

经过两年多试点,我国的国家公园体制26日正式亮相。根据《建立国家公园体制总体方案》,到2020年,中国建立国家公园体制试点基本完成,整合设立一批国家公园,分级统一的管理体制基本建立,国家公园总体布局初步形成。到目前,我国已设立10个国家公园体制试点。

  方案明确 国家公园是什么公园?

方案明确,我国的国家公园体制以加强自然生态系统原真性、完整性保护为基础,以实现国家所有、全民共享、世代传承为目标。国家公园内全民所有自然资源资产所有权由中央政府和省级政府分级行使,条件成熟时,逐步过渡到由中央政府直接行使。

目前世界上已有100多个国家建立了近万个国家公园,但各国对国家公园的内涵界定不尽相同。根据方案,国家公园是指由国家批准设立并主导管理,边界清晰,以保护具有国家代表性的大面积自然生态系统为主要目的,实现自然资源科学保护和合理利用的特定陆地或海洋区域。国家公园是我国自然保护地最重要类型之一,属于全国主体功能区规划中的禁止开发区域,纳入全国生态保护红线区域管控范围,实行最严格的保护。

方案明确,中国的国家公园坚持生态保护第一,把最应该保护的地方保护起来,给子孙后代留下珍贵的自然遗产;坚持国家代表性,以国家利益为主导,坚持国家所有,具有国家象征,代表国家形象,展现中华文明;坚持全民公益性,坚持全民共享,着眼于提升生态系统服务功能,开展自然环境教育,为公众提供亲近自然、体验自然、了解自然以及作为国民福利的游憩机会。

  方案看点 国家公园将怎么收费?

国家公园虽然带有“公园”二字,但它既不是单纯供游人游览休闲的一般意义上的公园,也不是主要用于旅游开发的风景区。

“国家公园是众多自然保护地类型中的精华,是国家最珍贵的自然瑰宝。”世界自然保护联盟驻华首席代表朱春全说,建立国家公园的首要目标是保护自然生物多样性及其所依赖的生态系统结构和生态过程,推动环境教育和游憩,提供包括当代和子孙后代的“全民福祉”。“国家公园应由全体国民所有。”国家发改委有关负责人说。

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