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瓜果之乡的“危机攻关”

2017-09-18 09:56:42   新华网

新华社乌鲁木齐9月18日电(记者 滕沐颖)金秋九月,果园丰收。新疆阿克苏地区温宿县无公害标准化灰枣生产合作社里,秦秋芳正为收获做最后的准备。

“今年果子品相好,糖度高,不愁卖个好价钱。”秦秋芳告诉记者,品质优良的新疆灰枣近年经历了价格“过山车”:2010年出园价高达50元/公斤,灰枣种植户收入“井喷”;可到了2016年,灰枣出园价却跌至8元/公斤。

地处南疆的阿克苏,以盛产红枣、苹果、核桃而驰名。偏居一隅的绿洲果农,过去对市场风险“免疫力”不高,如今不断从市场经济中学习,标准化生产,科学化管理,成为“危机攻关”的高手。

规模化生产是果农规避价格波动的重要措施。在秦秋芳生活的温宿县,今年春天,酝酿多年的无公害标准化灰枣生产合作社落地,首批吸纳150多位农户,连片种植面积超过3000亩。

提高品质也是新疆果农应对市场风险的方法。走进温宿县柯柯牙管理区国家级示范园,58岁的韩卫兵正在拣拾裂口的青皮核桃。他说,一个月前有客商来此高价收购,被他果断拒绝。“果实还不饱满,不能为了蝇头小利砸了自家招牌。”每到春天,韩卫兵都会在农技人员指导下疏花疏果,修剪枝叶。去年,他的40亩核桃园出果11吨,净收入26万元。

阿克苏地区林业局副局长杨纯说,过去,农场统一定价收购,果品以次充好现象严重。现在随着市场化进程推进,果农直面客商,逐渐培育起品质意识。比如过去单纯追求枣树产量的“环剥”手术被弃之不用,取而代之的是无公害标准化生产。

规模大了,品质好了,假货却来了。随着新疆果品市场认可度提升,各种“冒牌货”越来越多。享誉各地的阿克苏“冰糖心”苹果也遭遇了“甜蜜的烦恼”。

“自从‘冰糖心’苹果出了名,市面上冒牌货越来越多。”阿克苏红旗坡农场生产科科长熊勇说出了他的心结。

为保住“冰糖心”苹果美誉,红旗坡农场每年都要派一组人马到内地“打假”,花费高达数百万元。熊勇说,一方面打假维权,另一方面提升品质,“让别人模仿不了”。

9月,普通苹果大面积采摘上市,红旗坡农场的“冰糖心”苹果还高挂枝头,等待霜降。高处的苹果已经泛红,低处的苹果被褐色纸袋精心保护着。

熊勇说,除了精心种植保持“冰糖心”苹果的口感,果农还联合农科院专家,提高苹果“颜值”。今年,当地30多万吨“冰糖心”苹果已入驻二维码溯源平台,“真苹果”正越变越美。

新疆维吾尔自治区林业厅介绍,2020年,新疆林果业总面积预计稳定在2200万亩,未来发展重心由规模化转向科学管理、提高优质果品率。

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