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纸火也能“相容”了

2017-09-18 04:31:37   新华网

可以替代传统陶瓷耐火材料浇道管的创新产品“铸造用高温纸质复合材料浇道管”日前在北京发布。这是一种节能环保的原创实用新技术,以旧书报、边角纸等为原料,使用后不产生废物,既经济又环保,不仅能代替传统的陶瓷浇道管,还能承受1500℃高温以及铁水的流动冲击,真正实现“纸火相容”。我国也因此成为世界上第二个拥有铸造用纸质浇道管生产技术的国家。

铸造业是机械工业的基础产业。自2000年起,我国各类铸件总产量已稳居世界首位。但是,由于铸件体积大、重量重、形状复杂,必须经过浇道管灌注1500℃的高温铁水,才能成型并确保铸件的质量。目前,国内绝大部分铸造企业都采用传统陶瓷耐火材料浇道管,不仅容易使铸造砂泄露引起缩孔,影响铸件产品的品质,严重时还会造成铸件报废。此外,铸件浇注结束后,陶瓷浇道管内留有铁水,冷却后形成浇道铁棒,必须把陶管打碎才能回收铁棒。这道工艺既费时费力,又带来固体废弃物,给回收利用铸造用砂增加不少困难。

采用纸质浇道管是破解这一难题的办法。纸质浇道管具有耐高温特性,在缺氧状态下可以让1500℃以上的高温铁水顺畅通过,而浇道管自身则实现边质碳化,可以从根本上解决铸造砂回用的难题,减轻用户使用成本。目前,只有日本拥有铸造用纸质浇道管生产技术,国内一些大型铸造企业不得不从日本进口铸造用纸质浇道管,每年需要支付大量外汇。

铸造行业对纸质浇道管的巨大需求,引起了常州万兴纸塑有限公司董事长马兆元的注意。2016年,他经过数百次摸索,终于在2016年9月成功研制出拥有自主知识产权的铸造用纸质浇道管。与陶瓷浇道管相比,其具有重量轻,切割时无噪声、无粉尘、无固废的特点。经验证,纸质浇道管完全能够满足各类砂型铸造产品的高温强度和高温性能要求,同时又确保了铸造熔液洁净度的稳定性,从而提高了铸件质量。与日本的纸质浇道管相比,主要技术要求不相上下,价格却低一半。

国产浇道管也获得了企业的认可。研发成果推出后不久,宁夏共享集团便与常州万兴纸塑有限公司签署合作协议,国内铸造行业自此开启了新的篇章。

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