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告别“拉链马路”“线路蜘蛛网”——哈尔滨综合管廊建设打通城市地下动脉

2017-09-14 15:01:23   新华网

新华社哈尔滨9月14日电 题:告别“拉链马路”“线路蜘蛛网”——哈尔滨综合管廊建设打通城市地下动脉

新华社记者强勇

“刚修好的路,怎么没两天又挖开了?”“抬头就是线路网,路上常有电线杆拦路”……在哈尔滨,全力推进的地下综合管廊工程正在解决这些困扰城市许久的问题。

南直路是哈尔滨市的东二环道,每天车辆川流不息。在双向八车道的地下,一条建成不久的综合管廊“藏”在那里。管廊的地面部分,每隔一段距离就有一个类似天井的小建筑,叫作“投料口”。当铺设管线或养护维修时,施工人员从这里进出,再也不用对马路“开膛破肚”。

哈尔滨市是东北老工业基地。道路作业、管道迁移、线路检修,城市的路面隔三岔五反复开挖,老百姓对此抱怨不少,市政部门也不堪其累。

“城市发展,不能只停留在外表光鲜的高楼大厦上。”哈尔滨市市长宋希斌说。2015年,哈尔滨被列为全国10个地下综合管廊建设试点城市之一,确定了红旗大街区域、哈南工业新城区域、临空经济区域等11条共25.5公里综合管廊建设项目。

在红旗大街区域一处地下管廊施工现场,吊装机正挥动着长抓臂调运建设用料。记者看到,整个管廊高约4米,分为三个舱体,分别是供排水和供暖管线、燃气管线、电力通信弱电管线,空间很宽敞。

这在以前很难想象。哈尔滨市建委主任李亚强回忆,由于地处高寒地区,哈尔滨一直存在着管线维护难题。尤其到了冬季,冻土层厚度超过两米,一旦发生事故,不仅难以挖掘抢修,冻层形成的板体还易给相邻管线带来次生影响,而且挖开的道路很难在短期内恢复,造成出行困难。

但现在,地下综合管廊就像是各种管线的“集体宿舍”,从根本上避免过去挖了填、填了挖的“拉链式修补”。

对此,哈尔滨市地下综合管廊指挥部现场指挥王东涛作了一个比喻,管线像人一样住在“房子里”,不怕日晒雨淋和地下各种侵蚀,使用寿命和安全性得到极大提升。需要维修时,工作人员和工程车可以快速直抵“病灶”,排除隐患。

哈尔滨的冬季漫长,有效施工期短,怎样把时间“抢回来”是地下综合管廊建设的一个重要发力点。

哈尔滨市地下综合管廊指挥部执行指挥吴敏介绍,哈尔滨在国内率先把工厂预制混凝土装配技术运用到管廊建设,变施工现场浇筑为工厂批量生产,冬天也可继续施工。生产好的构件运输到项目场地拼装组建,像搭积木一样直接构成整体廊道,绝大部分管廊工程缩短工期30%以上。

“由于部分建设环节从一线转移到后方工厂,施工场地面积减少50%,对城市交通和环境的影响也变小了。”吴敏说。

截至目前,哈尔滨已建设25公里管廊主体工程,完成试点工程总量98%,走在10个试点城市前列。据测算,从管线分散直埋到集约管理,管廊投用后将帮助哈尔滨收纳1000多公里管线,节约运营成本达6亿元。

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