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为三江源国家公园提供科技支撑

2017-09-14 09:06:29   新华网

  日前,中国科学院西北高原生物研究所、遥感与数字地球研究所、中国科学院大学、光电研究院等7个研究机构的30余位科研人员对三江源国家公园进行科学考察,进一步摸清三江源地区的自然本底情况,对生态、环境承载力进行科学评价。记者独家采访了此次科考的首席科学家、中国科学院成都生物研究所所长赵新全研究员,请他谈谈此次科考的初步结论和对三江源国家公园的建议。

  三大内容:自然本底、环境承载力、区域划分

  记者:这些年来您一直在青藏高原特别是三江源地区进行科学考察。这次科考的主要内容是什么?

  赵新全:这次科考是针对三江源国家公园建设中面临的科技问题开展的,希望能够为三江源国家公园提供科技支撑。我们主要想解决三个问题:一是对三江源国家公园的自然本底进行调查,包括动物、植物、微生物、土壤情况等。一直以来,我们对三江源地区的自然本底是不清楚的,比如对大型食草动物的种群数量、分布格局、繁殖成活率等都缺乏了解。

二是对三江源国家公园的环境承载力进行评估。比如,三江源国家公园草地的生产力如何?能够养活多少草食动物?这些问题我们还没有答案。只有了解这一地区的草地承载力,才能合理划定动物的数量。如果我们等草地退化以后再来考虑这个问题,那就为时已晚了。

三是为三江源国家公园的功能区划分提供科学依据。我主张三江源国家公园应该包括四个区域:核心保育区、生态修复区、传统利用区和外围支撑区。前三个区域比较好理解,外围支撑区的目的在于,针对三江源地区畜牧业存在和发展的现实问题,利用一些自然条件比较好的地区,转移在核心保育区放牧的家畜,为野生动物留出更多的栖息地。

  记者:三江源国家公园的面积很大,科考如何开展呢?

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