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原标题:基层好干部必备的三项特质
基层干部素质问题的探讨不能仅停留在面上的常识和道德性说教上,更不能孤立看待,不考虑当今时代的大背景。鉴此,笔者从自然科学与人文科学相统一的角度,把基层干部放置在宏观而具体的历史环境中加以考察,并从“正视自身”“破除自身”“提升自身”这三项特质入手进行分析,为基层干部队伍的建设、提拔和任用提供切实参考。
“正视自身”是基层干部做好工作的基础
能够“正视自身”的干部会为自己的“自然能量”寻找正向的出口,把压力转化为动力
基层好干部应具备的特质绝非漂亮口号的堆砌,它首先要统一起人自身的“应然”与“实然”,正是在这个意义上,“正视自身”成为一项必不可少的特质。自然对人类的制约不仅体现在外在的生产上,而且也体现在人的内在性上。“人”在历史上几经变迁,从类似上帝的“神性人”,到启蒙时代的“理性人”,再到后现代的“感性人”,人的自然属性要么被理性压制,要么在感性中被放逐,这两种情形都没有正确地对待自然本能,从而也不能使人正确地“正视自身”。“正视自身”意味着“人”能够充分地意识、了解,并且较为恰当地协调自身的自然本能。长期以来,我们只是把自然本能当作需要压制的东西,却没有注意到它无法从人的理性中剥离,清除了自然本能的理性会转而成为虚伪、教条的非理性。事实上,对基层干部来说,接纳自身的自然属性,“正视自身”不是可有可无的素质,而是能否做好基层工作的基础。一般说来,那些诚实地承认自己有“焦虑”“嫉妒”等心理本能,有“明显权力欲”的干部心理素质反而比较好,因为他们往往会有意地运用理性(正向的自然能量)来约束某些“狭隘本能”,他们在工作中的表现反而更加理智和优秀。相反,那些对自身的自然属性无意识,避讳甚至不承认自己有阴暗面的干部中往往存在“贪污腐败”“家长制”“两面人”、理性地进行非理性活动等问题。
能够“正视自身”的干部在基层工作中会为自己的“自然能量”寻找正向的出口,把压力转化为动力,带着问题,在工作中开动脑筋,而不会停留在无法应付压力的焦虑、抑郁状态,也不会在“替罪羊心理”的支配上,把自身的负面心理投射到他人身上,损人不利己,给下属“穿小鞋”,对上级“阳奉阴违”,给同级竞争对手“下绊子”。
《党政领导干部选拔任用工作条例》明确提出任用干部要“德才兼备,以德为先”,在基层干部的选拔上尤其应该注重“德”,这种“德”不是空洞的,它首先应包含“正视自身”的勇气和真诚。缺乏自我反思意识,刚愎自用的人不适合担任基层干部,这种人的党性思维和武断行为是许多基层问题的根源。这样的人即使侥幸当了基层干部,他也有可能在对自身自然属性缺乏意识的情况下,理性地走向非理性。在提拔干部时我们应该正视人的自然属性,不能简单地把人“理想化”,如此才能堵塞可能出现的漏洞,错误地提拔了会拉关系、套近乎、送礼品、送金钱的“人脉好” 的干部。此外,在提拔基层干部时,也应引入心理分析技术,把“正视自身”这一标准量化、细化,把真正优秀的人才选进基层干部队伍。
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