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新型“检测笔”可快速确认人体组织是否癌变

2017-09-09 21:06:36   新华网

新华社北京9月9日电 美国科学家发明了一种钢笔大小的检测工具,能在10秒钟内确认人体组织是否癌变,准确率超过96%。这种方法有望帮助医生在癌症手术中精准地切除肿瘤。

美国得克萨斯大学奥斯汀校区研究人员在学术刊物《科学转化医学》新一期上报告说,他们研发的这种工具名叫MasSpec Pen,其检测速度比现有技术快150倍。在手术中用它即时确认肿瘤范围,一方面可防止切除不彻底导致癌症复发,另一方面也可减少对健康组织的伤害。

该工具使用起来很简单,只需手握检测笔在组织上轻轻按压3秒,“笔尖”会渗出一滴水,吸收细胞释放出的蛋白质、脂类和代谢产物等分子,随后将水滴吸回笔内进行质谱分析,将数据传送到电脑。

正常细胞与癌细胞相比会释放出不同的分子组合,电脑对这种分子“指纹”进行分析比对,在屏幕上显示检测结果。研究人员用这种方法检测了253份人体组织样本,包括健康组织和肺癌、乳腺癌、甲状腺癌和卵巢癌的癌变组织,结果显示这种方法可以迅速准确地完成分析,准确率超过96%。

由于待检测组织只与塑料笔尖和水滴接触,该工具不会对组织造成伤害。研究人员还进行了动物实验,结果显示实验鼠在检测过程中没有受到明显的组织损伤和精神压力。研究人员计划于2018年开始将该工具用于临床试验。

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