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香港中大开展研究 探讨华人阿尔兹海默症的生物标记

2017-09-07 21:41:44   中国青年网

新华社香港9月7日电(记者张雅诗)香港中文大学7日宣布,该校医学院与香港养和医院合作展开“早期阿尔兹海默症筛查研究”,以探讨华人阿尔兹海默症的生物标记,开拓新的认知障碍症检测方法。

据介绍,认知障碍症个案当中,过半数的成因是阿尔兹海默症。这些患者的脑部会积聚不正常的物质——淀粉状蛋白,当淀粉状蛋白和神经纤维缠结,会导致脑细胞逐渐死亡,从而引起渐进式的认知退步。

中大医学院内科及药物治疗学系脑神经科主任莫仲棠教授表示,有研究指出,抑制淀粉状蛋白的治疗或能防止认知能力进一步下降,但患者需要在很早期接受治疗才有效。因此,愈早发现便能愈早介入治疗,从而减慢甚至遏止病情继续恶化。

目前诊断早期阿尔兹海默症需要进行“淀粉状蛋白-正电子脑扫描”或通过腰椎穿刺提取脑脊液进行检测,但这些方法并不普及,而且具入侵性。有鉴于此,中大脑神经科团队希望通过开展早期阿尔兹海默症筛查研究,利用视网膜影像技术和血液测试,寻找和确认华人独有的阿尔兹海默症生物标记。

中大医学院眼科及视觉科学学系助理教授张艳蕾表示,视网膜是中枢神经的延伸,因此研究人员可通过患者的眼睛,观察脑内血管和神经退化的损害。中大已成功研发和应用不具入侵性的视网膜影像技术来获取生物标记,协助了解眼和脑内的血管及神经病变。

张艳蕾说,希望通过这次筛查研究,进一步了解早期血管功能障碍及脑神经创伤对认知障碍症的病理影响,以助筛查阿尔兹海默症及早期认知障碍症患者。

这项筛查研究现招募100位年龄介乎50岁至80岁人士,参加者将进行各项临床检测,包括认知能力测试、血液测试、脑部磁力共振扫描、视网膜影像检查和“淀粉状蛋白-正电子脑扫描”等。

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