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环保部:秋冬天气形势不容乐观 全力应对重污染天气

2017-09-03 20:10:49   中国青年网

环境保护部今日向媒体通报,经有关专家初步分析研判,今年秋冬季天气形势不容乐观,重污染天气过程相对提前。冬季重污染天气成为当前全社会最关注、也是最迫切希望解决的环境问题。要将重污染天气应对作为当前工作的重中之重,坚决打好秋冬季大气污染综合治理攻坚战。

受北极海冰融化面积扩大、太平洋海温变化等因素影响,西伯利亚冷高压可能弱于常年,冷空气南下频次可能少于常年,太平洋副热带高压较常年增强,可能造成秋冬季的气温较高,湿度大。北京8月31日以来的这次污染形成过程和2015年、2016年9月中旬的污染过程相似,预示与往年相比,今年重污染天气过程相对提前。

为切实改善空气质量,环境保护部今年以来采取了“压茬式”强化督查、整治涉气“散乱污”企业等一系列强效措施,初见成效。自今年3月份起,京津冀及周边地区环境空气质量持续改善,取得了2013年以来的最好成绩,北京市3-8月的PM2.5平均浓度仅为49微克/立方米,相比2016年同期下降了约25%,月均浓度均为2013年以来最低。

但是,监测数据表明,近几年京津冀及周边地区空气质量总体虽然呈持续改善趋势,但秋冬季空气质量改善效果不显著,特别是2016-2017年采暖季PM2.5平均浓度同比出现小幅反弹,重度及以上污染天数减少幅度也不明显。为此,环境保护部会同有关部门、省市人民政府,在已有政策措施的基础上,研究出台了《京津冀及周边地区2017–2018年秋冬季大气污染综合治理攻坚行动方案》等“1+6”配套方案。攻坚行动坚持问题导向,聚焦“散乱污”企业及集群综合整治和高架源稳定达标排放,加大压煤减排、提标改造、错峰生产措施力度。尤其是把重污染天气妥善应对作为重要突破口,在设立各地空气质量改善目标的同时,明确了重污染天数的下降比例,督促地方政府全力应对重污染天气。

为妥善应对重污染天气,环境保护部从四方面入手,多管齐下,综合施策。一是夯实应急减排措施,环境保护部印发《重污染天气预警分级标准和应急减排措施修订工作方案》,要求2+26城市尽快完善重污染天气应急预案,主要是统一不同预警级别污染物减排比例,将减排措施落实到清单上,做到一厂一策,确保应急减排措施取得实际效果。二是提高预测预报能力,大幅提升预报平台计算能力,将预测预报能力从7天提升至10天,提供充足的时间采取有效措施。三是强化督查监管力度,一旦出现重污染天气,强化督查组将按照各地应急减排清单开展专项督查,确保减排措施落实到位。四是开展区域应急联动,一旦预测到区域性重污染天气,环境保护部将根据区域会商结果,第一时间向相关城市推送预警提示信息,区域内各城市按照预警提示信息及时启动相关级别预警措施,减少区域整体的污染排放水平,减缓污染物积累,减轻重污染天气影响。另外,中央全面深化改革领导小组第三十五次会议已审议通过《跨地区环保机构试点方案》,环境保护部将按照中央批复要求,扎实做好有关试点工作,尽快运行京津冀大气环境管理机构,助力秋冬季重污染天气应对工作。

环境保护部表示,重污染天气已经成了当前社会和公众的“心肺之患”,环境保护部将全力以赴,将重污染天气应对作为当前工作的重中之重,坚决打好秋冬季大气污染治理攻坚战。同时,重污染天气应对工作也需要全社会的共同参与和监督,在重污染天气预警期间,从我做起,在做好健康防护的同时,践行绿色生活方式,积极举报违法排污行为,共同打好蓝天保卫战。

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