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赛里木湖畔的生态守夜人

2017-08-25 10:07:37   新华网

新华社乌鲁木齐8月25日电 题:赛里木湖畔的生态守夜人

新华社记者王秉阳、马卓言、顾煜

立秋刚过,清晨的赛里木湖已然凉风阵阵。7时30分,阳光刚照亮碧蓝的湖水,住在景区内的环卫工人巴牙和妻子买的西便开始了一天的工作。他们要在游客到来之前,将所负责区域的卫生打扫干净。

250多年前,蒙古察哈尔部西迁至新疆,驻牧于水草丰盛之地,成为保卫祖国西陲的卫士。如今,他们的后裔巴牙和买的西走下马背,拿起清扫工具,转而成为当年祖先饮马放鹰的湖泊和牧场的生态守夜人。

从2012年开始,日复一日,四季更迭,巴牙一家与赛里木湖作伴,倾心守护着这颗“大西洋的最后一滴眼泪”。

作为新疆最大的高山湖泊,位于天山山脉的赛里木湖地处里海湿气流和巴尔喀什湖暖流进入新疆的主要水汽通道,是大西洋暖湿气流最后停留的地方。湖面海拔2000多米,水域面积450多平方公里。流域内草原、湿地和森林等系统,对西来水汽具有重要的涵养调节作用。

2012年,赛里木湖被纳入全国湖泊生态环境保护15个重点支持的湖泊,争取实施了45个湖泊生态保护项目,总投资7.23亿元。

赛里木湖管委会环湖设立了12个管护站,对违搭建筑、碾压草场、采花摘草、牲畜禁牧等行为进行管护。

核心区域禁止放牧也是保护赛里木湖生态环境的举措之一。

据赛里木湖管委会介绍,赛里木湖为干旱内陆区高原封闭湖,水体自净和自我修复能力十分脆弱,过牧将加剧草原荒漠化并导致水质恶化危机,引发湿地生态系统不可逆的退化甚至消亡。

自2013年起,赛里木湖核心景区实施禁牧16.45万亩,核心景区600多户牧民、12万多头牲畜全部迁出异地安置,湖区生态得到恢复。据博尔塔拉蒙古自治州环保局介绍,今年赛里木湖景区将禁牧范围扩大,禁牧面积达19.05万亩。

在赛里木湖,像巴牙和买的西一样的沿湖环卫工人一共有19名,正是他们成为赛里木湖生态环境的守夜人,守护着“大西洋最后一滴眼泪”的湛蓝与纯净。

公元1219年,成吉思汗曾亲率大军西征,翻越阿尔泰山,饮马赛里木湖,在湖边筑台点将,检阅练兵。得益于巴牙等生态守夜人,如今站在点将台上俯瞰,湖边游人往来熙攘,赛里木湖却依旧湛蓝如洗,无边无际的牧草从山脚延伸到湖畔。在这里,人与自然相互托付。

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