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河北阜平县:从小农经济“单打独斗”到现代化农业“借船出海”

2017-08-20 11:41:18   新华网

新华社石家庄8月20日电 题:河北阜平县:从小农经济“单打独斗”到现代化农业“借船出海”

新华社记者范世辉

“阜平不富,死不瞑目。”这是长期在河北省阜平县战斗生活的聂荣臻元帅的夙愿。如何才能变富?这是几代阜平人苦苦探寻的答案。

“2012年前,多是上面给点钱,下面报项目,然后实施、验收、拨钱。”阜平县一位基层扶贫干部说,“当时老百姓的认识就是,给我‘真金白银’,那才叫扶贫。”

然而,“真金白银”年年给,老区的群众却依然贫困。

2012年底,习近平总书记来到阜平县骆驼湾村、顾家台村察贫问苦,吹响了全面脱贫的号角。

基于当地的产业基础,早期,“两种两养”被确定为扶贫县脱贫致富的法宝,即种核桃、大枣,养肉羊、肉牛。

初衷是好的,然而效果并不理想。

“北果园乡几个村大枣种植较多,本来成熟的枣可以卖到5元左右一斤,但是不知为啥枣在成熟期总是长虫子。不得已,只能在枣不成熟的时候卖青枣,价格只有几毛钱一斤。” 阜平县扶贫办一位负责人说。

不少人分析原因时认为,一家一户的生产方式管理粗放且应对市场能力不足,是“两种两养”效果打折扣的主要原因。必须建立现代化的农业生产方式,搞合作经济,发展龙头企业,让贫困户“借船出海”。

经过大量调研、反复论证,食用菌被确定为阜平扶贫产业之一。与之前贫困户要独自面对市场不同,这次,他们引入了龙头企业。在“企业+农户”模式下,贫困户再也不需要在市场经济大潮里独自“划小木舟”,而是借船出海,通过参与社会化的农业生产,稳定获利。

“龙头企业给我们生产菌棒,我们只管大棚种菇,采摘的菇由提供菌棒的企业收购,然后到市场上售卖。”一包棚贫困户告诉记者。

为了保证行业的健康发展,阜平县专门成立了食用菌协会。全县7家龙头企业,菌棒价格和收购价格互相公开。在食用菌价格特别不好的时候,协会还会出台类似保护价的机制,让各个龙头企业保护价收购贫困户的蘑菇。

截至2016年底,阜平县已经建起了3000多个食用菌大棚,6260户农户参与到产业链中。县里计划2017年再搞5000个大棚,带动更多贫困户脱贫致富。

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